Beneficial Effects of Dietary Nitrate on Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure Levels

d'El-Rei, Jenifer; Cunha, Ana Rosa; Trindade, Michelle; Neves, Mário Fritsch

doi:10.1155/2016/6791519

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…There are a number of studies that indicate that nitrate supplementation prior to exercise (e.g., 300 mg) can improve exercise capacity [9, 11, 17–20]. The amount of nitrate contained in the creatine nitrate supplement used (i.e., ~1 g/day) is more consistent with dietary recommendations to help control blood pressure [64, 65]. Nevertheless, there was sufficient amount of nitrates in the PWS to provide some ergogenic benefit particularly to endurance exercise performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ingesting a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without synephrine for 8 weeks on training adaptations in resistance-trained males

Jung

Earnest

Koozehchian

et al. 2017

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

117

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BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine whether ingesting a pre-workout dietary supplement (PWS) with and without synephrine (S) during training affects training responses in resistance-trained males.MethodsResistance-trained males (N = 80) were randomly assigned to supplement their diet in a double-blind manner with either a flavored placebo (PLA); a PWS containing beta-alanine (3 g), creatine nitrate as a salt (2 g), arginine alpha-ketoglutarate (2 g), N-Acetyl-L-Tyrosine (300 mg), caffeine (284 mg), Mucuna pruiriens extract standardized for 15% L-Dopa (15 mg), Vitamin C as Ascorbic Acid (500 mg), niacin (60 mg), folate as folic acid (50 mg), and Vitamin B12 as Methylcobalamin (70 mg); or, the PWS supplement with Citrus aurantium extract containing 20 mg of synephrine (PWS + S) once per day for 8-weeks during training. Participants donated a fasting blood sample and had body composition (DXA), resting heart rate and blood pressure, cognitive function (Stroop Test), readiness to perform, bench and leg press 1 RM, and Wingate anaerobic capacity assessments determined a 0, 4, and 8-weeks of standardized training. Data were analyzed by MANOVA with repeated measures. Performance and cognitive function data were analyzed using baseline values as covariates as well as mean changes from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Blood chemistry data were also analyzed using Chi-square analysis.ResultsAlthough significant time effects were seen, no statistically significant overall MANOVA Wilks’ Lambda interactions were observed among groups for body composition, resting heart and blood pressure, readiness to perform questions, 1RM strength, anaerobic sprint capacity, or blood chemistry panels. MANOVA univariate analysis and analysis of changes from baseline with 95% CI revealed some evidence that cognitive function and 1RM strength were increased to a greater degree in the PWS and/or PWS + S groups after 4- and/or 8-weeks compared to PLA responses. However, there was no evidence that PWS + S promoted greater overall training adaptations compared to the PWS group. Dietary supplementation of PWS and PWS + S did not increase the incidence of reported side effects or significantly affect the number of blood values above clinical norms compared to PLA.ConclusionResults provide some evidence that 4-weeks of PWS and/or PWS + S supplementation can improve some indices of cognitive function and exercise performance during resistance-training without significant side effects in apparently health males. However, these effects were similar to PLA responses after 8-weeks of supplementation and inclusion of synephrine did not promote additive benefits.Trial registrationThis trial (NCT02999581) was retrospectively registered on December 16th 2016.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ingesting a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without synephrine for 8 weeks on training adaptations in resistance-trained males

Jung

Earnest

Koozehchian

et al. 2017

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, the lack of effect on muscle and cerebral oxygenation could be explained by the initial vascular function of the participants. Some studies suggest that NO precursor effects depend on basal NO bioavailability, which can be influenced by endothelial NOS activity (Li, Youn, & Cai, ), nutritional habits (d'El‐Rei, Cunha, Trindade, & Neves, ) and the training level (Boorsma, Whitfield, & Spriet, ). Participants in the present study were 18–30 years old, had no cardiovascular risk factors and were moderately trained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acute nitric oxide precursor intake on peripheral and central fatigue during knee extensions in healthy men

Roux-Mallouf

Laurent

Besset

et al. 2019

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings What is the central question of this study?What is the effect of acute NO precursor intake on vascular function, muscle and cerebral oxygenation and peripheral and central neuromuscular fatigue during knee‐extension exercise? What is the main finding and its importance?Acute NO precursor ingestion increases the plasma concentrations of NO precursors (nitrate, arginine and citrulline) and enhances post‐ischaemic vasodilatation, but has no significant effect on muscle and cerebral oxygenation, peripheral and central mechanisms of neuromuscular fatigue and, consequently, does not improve exercise performance. Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in matching blood flow to oxygen demand in the brain and contracting muscles during exercise. Previous studies have shown that increasing NO bioavailability can improve muscle function. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of acute NO precursor intake on muscle and cerebral oxygenation and on peripheral and central neuromuscular fatigue during exercise. In four experimental sessions, 15 healthy men performed a thigh ischaemia–reperfusion test followed by submaximal isometric knee extensions (5 s on–4 s off; 45% of maximal voluntary contraction) until task failure. In each session, subjects drank a nitrate‐rich beetroot juice containing 520 mg nitrate (N), N and citrulline (6 g; N+C), N and arginine (6 g; N+A) or a placebo (PLA). Prefrontal cortex and quadriceps near‐infrared spectroscopy parameters were monitored continuously. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and femoral nerve electrical stimulation were used to assess central and peripheral determinants of fatigue. The post‐ischaemic increase in thigh blood total haemoglobin concentration was larger in N (10.1 ± 3.7 mmol) and N+C (10.9 ± 3.3 mmol) compared with PLA (8.2 ± 2.7 mmol; P < 0.05). Nitric oxide precursors had no significant effect on muscle and cerebral oxygenation or on peripheral and central mechanisms of neuromuscular fatigue during exercise. The total number of knee extensions did not differ between sessions (N, 71.9 ± 33.2; N+A, 73.3 ± 39.4; N+C, 74.6 ± 34.0; PLA, 71.8 ± 39.9; P > 0.05). In contrast to the post‐ischaemic hyperaemic response, NO bioavailability in healthy subjects might not be the limiting factor for tissue perfusion and oxygenation during submaximal knee extensions to task failure.

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“…Obesity can promote proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and activation of inflammatory response, which are associated with endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis [9–11]. Obesity can also lead to accelerated vascular aging, and increased risk of atherosclerotic disease [12–15]. Smoking is associated with blood lipid disturbance, inflammation, and vascular endothelial dysfunction [16–18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend in young coronary artery disease in China from 2010 to 2014: a retrospective study of young patients ≤ 45

Wang

Gao

Zhou

et al. 2017

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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BackgroundThe incidence of young coronary heart disease (CHD, ≤45 years) in China is increasing. Secondary prevention to counter this trend is an important contemporary public health issure.MethodsA total of 5288 patients (≤45 years) diagnosed with CHD and hospitalized at the Chinese PLA General Hospital and Anzhen Hospital, both in Beijing, were enrolled after satisfying the inclusion criteria.ResultsYoung CHD patients increased in number from 2010 to 2014, especially men. Among the studied patients, there was no significant change over those years in blood pressure, but heart rate increased significantly (P < 0.05) and body mass index showed a rising trend (P > 0.05). The incidence of hypertension increased from 40.7 to 47.5%, diabetes from 20.3 to 26.1%, and hyperlipidemia from 27.3 to 35.7% (P < 0.05). However, the incidences of smoking and drinking both trended downward (P < 0.05). The levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides also showed a downward trend (P < 0.05), as did levels of low-density lipoprotein, but not to the point of statistical significance (P > 0.05). Mortality during hospitalization decreased significantly from 2010 to 2014 (P < 0.05), but there was no significant improvement in the incidences of cardiac death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after 1-year follow-up (P > 0.05).ConclusionsOver the 5 years studied, the overall incidence of cardiac death and MACE for young CHD patients (≤45 years) has shown little improvement. Secondary prevention of young CHD, and its risk factors, as well as appropriate courses of medical treatment must be further elucidated.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12872-016-0458-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Beneficial Effects of Dietary Nitrate on Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure Levels

Cited by 34 publications

References 53 publications

Effects of ingesting a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without synephrine for 8 weeks on training adaptations in resistance-trained males

Effects of ingesting a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without synephrine for 8 weeks on training adaptations in resistance-trained males

Effects of acute nitric oxide precursor intake on peripheral and central fatigue during knee extensions in healthy men

Trend in young coronary artery disease in China from 2010 to 2014: a retrospective study of young patients ≤ 45

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