Beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids in the proteome of high-density lipoprotein proteome

Abstract

BackgroundOmega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) have demonstrated to be beneficial in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, however, the mechanisms by which they perform their cardiovascular protection have not been clarified. Intriguingly, some of these protective effects have also been linked to HDL. The hypothesis of this study was that ω-3 PUFAs could modify the protein cargo of HDL particle in a triglyceride non-dependent mode. The objective of the study was to compare the proteome of HDL before and after ω-3 PUFAs supplemented diet.MethodsA comparative proteomic analysis in 6 smoker subjects HDL before and after a 5 weeks ω-3 PUFAs enriched diet has been performed.ResultsAmong the altered proteins, clusterin, paraoxonase, and apoAI were found to increase, while fibronectin, α-1-antitrypsin, complement C1r subcomponent and complement factor H decreased after diet supplementation with ω-3 PUFAs. Immunodetection assays confirmed these results. The up-regulated proteins are related to anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic properties of HDL, while the down-regulated proteins are related to regulation of complement activation and acute phase response.ConclusionsDespite the low number of subjects included in the study, our findings demonstrate that ω-3 PUFAs supplementation modifies lipoprotein containing apoAI (LpAI) proteome and suggest that these protein changes improve the functionality of the particle.

Administration of high dose eicosapentaenoic acid enhances anti-inflammatory properties of high-density lipoprotein in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia

“…Moreover, HDL modifications such as oxidation can down-regulate SR-B1 expression and Akt activity, and then SR-B1-mediated activation of Rac GTPase in the endothelial cell [20]. In contrast, n-3 PUFA treatment up-regulates apo A-1 [33], which stabilizes PON1 and stimulate endothelial SR-B1. PON1 up-regulates Akt activity via the suppression of LOX1 receptor [37].…”

“…There are several plausible mechanisms for the increase of PON1 activity by EPA. The n-3 PUFA are known to increase PON1 activity with up-regulated apo A-1 [33]. PON1 coexists with apo A-1, which stabilizes its activity [28].…”

Evaluation of Consumption of Poultry Products Enriched withOmega-3Fatty Acids in Anthropometric, Biochemical, and Cardiovascular Parameters

“…Such is the case of PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) that increase HDL by enhancing reverse cholesterol transport [50]. According to some research, the fraction PON1 (paraoxonase), Clusterine, ApoAI, and ApoCIII present in HDL allow regulation in oxidation mechanisms of lipids metabolism [51,52] and anti-inflammatory process [53] and decrease in proatherogenic lipoproteins (LDL, VLDL) [51,54]. These functions play an important role in the prevention of atherosclerosis development and other cardiovascular diseases [12,51,52,55].…”

“…According to some research, the fraction PON1 (paraoxonase), Clusterine, ApoAI, and ApoCIII present in HDL allow regulation in oxidation mechanisms of lipids metabolism [51,52] and anti-inflammatory process [53] and decrease in proatherogenic lipoproteins (LDL, VLDL) [51,54]. These functions play an important role in the prevention of atherosclerosis development and other cardiovascular diseases [12,51,52,55]. In addition, other studies show that omega-3 significantly reduce LDL due to the enzymatic inhibition of acyl-CoA: 1,2-diaglycerolacyltransferase impacting hepatic synthesis of triglycerides and LDL [49,56], protecting the dysfunction of endothelial cells inhibiting lipogenesis and favoring lipolysis, increasing mitochondrial dynamics, and therefore causing a decrease of chronic diseases.…”

Effect of an Isoenergetic Traditional Mediterranean Diet on the High-Density Lipoprotein Proteome in Men with the Metabolic Syndrome

“…The number of proteins identified was somewhat smaller than what has previously been achieved using iTRAQ labeling [17]. However, all proteins reliably identified and quantified by iTRAQ in our study have been shown to belong to the HDL proteome, and they represent the most abundant proteins found in this fraction [17,18,19,20,21,22]. …”