Beneficial Upshots of Naturally Occurring Antioxidant Compounds against Neurological Disorders

Saha, Sukanya; Sadhukhan, Pritam; Sil, Parames C.

doi:10.1002/9783527803781.ch3

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 192 publications

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“…Heavy-metal-induced toxicity and related neurological diseases have become an important problem in developing countries . As induces toxicity via agricultural soil, food, and groundwater and may lead to the occurrence of heavy-metal intoxication. , The capability of As to cross the BBB makes the brain the first target and more sensitive toward its toxicity . In order to better understand the developmental neurotoxicity of As and to confirm the toxicity exerted by prenatal exposure, we evaluated the effects of As on BBB TJ proteins and autophagy and its relationship with the PI3K–Akt–mTOR signaling pathway in the cerebella of mice exposed to As during developmental periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,49 The capability of As to cross the BBB makes the brain the first target and more sensitive toward its toxicity. 50 In order to better understand the developmental neurotoxicity of As and to confirm the toxicity exerted by prenatal exposure, we evaluated the effects of As on BBB TJ proteins and autophagy and its relationship with the PI3K−Akt−mTOR signaling pathway in the cerebella of mice exposed to As during developmental periods.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arsenic-Induced Autophagy in the Developing Mouse Cerebellum: Involvement of the Blood–Brain Barrier’s Tight-Junction Proteins and the PI3K–Akt–mTOR Signaling Pathway

Manthari

Tikka

Ommati

et al. 2018

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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This study was designed to determine whether the tight-junction (TJ) proteins of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway are involved during arsenic (As)-induced autophagy in developing mouse cerebella after exposure to different As concentrations (0, 0.15, 1.5, and 15 mg/L As(III)) during gestational and lactational periods. The dosage was continually given to the pups until postnatal day (PND) 42. Studies conducted at different developmental age points, like PND21, 28, 35, and 42, showed that exposure to As led to a significant decrease in the mRNA-expression levels of TJ proteins (occludin, claudin, ZO-1, and ZO-2), PI3K, Akt, mTOR, and p62, with concomitant increases in Beclin1, LC3I, LC3II, Atg5, and Atg12. Also, As significantly downregulated occludin and mTOR protein-expression levels with concomitant upregulation of Beclin1, LC3, and Atg12 at all the developmental age points. However, no significant alterations were observed in low- and medium-dose-exposed groups at PND42. Histopathological analysis revealed the irregular arrangement of the Purkinje cell layer in the As-exposed mice. Ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the occurrence of autophagosomes and vacuolated axons in the cerebella of the mice exposed to high doses of As at PND21 and 42, respectively. Finally, we conclude that developmental As exposure significantly alters TJ proteins, resulting an increase in BBB permeability, facilitating the ability of As to cross the BBB and induce autophagy, which might be partly the result of inhibition of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, in an age-dependent manner (i.e., PND21 mice were found to be more vulnerable to As-induced neurotoxicity), which could be due to the immature BBB allowing As to cross through it. However, the effect was not significant in PND42, which could be due to the developed BBB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic-Induced Autophagy in the Developing Mouse Cerebellum: Involvement of the Blood–Brain Barrier’s Tight-Junction Proteins and the PI3K–Akt–mTOR Signaling Pathway

Manthari

Tikka

Ommati

et al. 2018

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Many receptors and enzymes are the targets of ROS which include tyrosine kinase receptors, most of the growth factor receptors, like vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, and receptor for the platelet-derived growth factor, protein tyrosine phosphatases, and serine/threonine kinases, among others. The oxidants can also regulate different extracellular signalregulated kinases, which belong to the mitogenactivated protein kinase family like JNK and p38, involved in several processes in normal cellular physiology including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [87,88].…”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Insight into the Prophylactic Effects of the Leguminosae Family Plants against Oxidative Stress-Induced Pathophysiological Conditions

Sadhukhan

Saha

Sil

2018

ROS

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Legumes are the protein-rich plants belonging to the large family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae). Fabaceae ranks third, in the family of higher plants, with around 20,000 members and just after cereal crops, they rank second in agricultural importance. Recently, the dietary supplements isolated from the legume plants have gained much popularity due to their lower toxicities and numerous health benefits. Different studies suggest that this plant family has several beneficial activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and estrogenic effects. Along with these, legumes are also known to possess several other medicinal properties in various organs and act as anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoporotic, anti-nociceptive, antiatherogenic, anti-nephritic, diuretic, digestive, laxative, sedative, chemo preventive, and as well as neuroprotective agents. Such therapeutic properties of legumes are due to the presence of different flavonoids, saponins, rotenoids, chalcones, glucosides, trypsin inhibitors, and alkaloids within them. Epidemiological data also suggests that legumes are effective in the treatment of several diseases such as diarrhea, kwashiorkor, bronchitis, rheumatic pain, and insomnia. This article encompasses important information about the current status and progresses made in legume-related research in the domain of natural products. It aims to overview different Leguminosae plants, their bioactive constituents, therapeutic effectivity, and hazardous health effects if any.

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“…Under normal physiological conditions, low exposure to these xenobiotics or toxic substances, certain physiological processes get activated endogenously, and the cell can counteract the negative consequences of those toxic substances [13] , [14] . However, excessive exposure to pollutants may lead to several diseases including diabetes, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, etc [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] . Every type of mammalian cells held a diverse and synchronized defense mechanism to decontaminate the intracellular environment and retain normal physiological conditions [20] , [21] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of the Nrf-2 signaling pathway in cancer progression and therapy

et al. 2017

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The Nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of redox homoeostasis, is a key transcription factor regulating a wide array of genes for antioxidant and detoxification enzymes. It protects organs from various kinds of toxic insults. On the other hand, activation of Nrf2 is also correlated with cancer progression and chemoresistance. Downregulation of Nrf2 activity has attracted an increasing amount of attention as it may provide an alternative cancer therapy. In this review, we examine recent studies on roles of Nrf2 in several pathophysiological conditions emphasising cancer. We discuss elaborately the current knowledge on Nrf2 regulation including KEAP1-dependent and KEAP1-independent cascades. KEAP1/Nrf2 system is a master regulator of cellular response against a variety of environmental stresses. We also highlight several tightly controlled regulations of Nrf2 by numerous proteins, small molecules, toxic metals, etc. In addition, we evaluate the possible therapeutic approaches of increasing chemosensitivity via modulating Nrf2 signaling.

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Beneficial Upshots of Naturally Occurring Antioxidant Compounds against Neurological Disorders

Cited by 7 publications

References 192 publications

Arsenic-Induced Autophagy in the Developing Mouse Cerebellum: Involvement of the Blood–Brain Barrier’s Tight-Junction Proteins and the PI3K–Akt–mTOR Signaling Pathway

Arsenic-Induced Autophagy in the Developing Mouse Cerebellum: Involvement of the Blood–Brain Barrier’s Tight-Junction Proteins and the PI3K–Akt–mTOR Signaling Pathway

An Insight into the Prophylactic Effects of the Leguminosae Family Plants against Oxidative Stress-Induced Pathophysiological Conditions

Perspectives of the Nrf-2 signaling pathway in cancer progression and therapy

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