Benefits of aged garlic extract on Alzheimer's disease: Possible mechanisms of action (Review)

Sripanidkulchai, Bungorn

doi:10.3892/etm.2019.8390

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The broad range of cardiovascular protection afforded by garlic extract may be extended to a protective effect on the brain, helping to reduce the risk of dementia, including AD [ 15 ]. In vitro and in vivo animal studies have demonstrated the mechanisms of action of garlic extract, which involve its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and modulatory effects on neurotransmitter function in the brain regions that are associated with the pathogenesis of AD [ 16 ]. Thus, the evaluation of the inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes may provide a further basic contribution regarding the possible role of this food as a useful complementary agent for the management/prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hairy Garlic (Allium subhirsutum) from Sicily (Italy): LC-DAD-MSn Analysis of Secondary Metabolites and In Vitro Biological Properties

et al. 2020

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Allium subhirsutum, known as hairy garlic, is a bulbous plant widespread in the Mediterranean area and locally used as a food and spice. In the present study, the chemical profile of the ethanolic extracts from bulbs (BE) and aerial parts (APE) were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MSn, and antioxidant properties were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and TEAC assays. The traditional use in the diet, and the well documented biological activity of Allium species suggest a potential as a new nutraceutical. For this reason, the potential usefulness of this food can be considered in the treatment and prevention of degenerative Alzheimer disease. For this reason, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory property was investigated. Furthermore, due to the observed presence of sulfur-containing and phenolic constituents, the cytotoxicity on tumor cells line was investigated. Results revealed significant AChE inhibitory activity for BE and APE. Both extracts exhibited also moderate antioxidant properties in the in vitro assays. Finally, limited cytotoxic activity was observed towards Human colon carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cell line, with differences between the individual parts tested. HPLC-ESI-MSn analysis showed that hairy garlic is a good source of sulphur compounds, flavonoids and phenylpropanoids derivatives, thus being a valid alternative to the common garlic (A. sativum). This work opens new opportunities for the application of A. subhirsutum as a health-promoting food.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hairy Garlic (Allium subhirsutum) from Sicily (Italy): LC-DAD-MSn Analysis of Secondary Metabolites and In Vitro Biological Properties

et al. 2020

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“…The neuroprotective effects of aged garlic extract (AGE) have been well documented including antioxidant, anti-neuroinflammatory, and regulatory effects on neurotransmitter signaling in the brain that may be associated with the pathogenesis of AD [ 250 , 251 ]. A recent study examining the effect of AGE on Aβ 1–42 -induced cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation in an AD rat model demonstrated that in cognitively impaired rats, AGE could remarkably improve short-term recognition memory.…”

Section: Neuroprotective Natural Products For Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Natural Products for Alzheimer’s Disease

Chen

Drew

Berney

et al. 2021

Cells

137

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the number one neurovegetative disease, but its treatment options are relatively few and ineffective. In efforts to discover new strategies for AD therapy, natural products have aroused interest in the research community and in the pharmaceutical industry for their neuroprotective activity, targeting different pathological mechanisms associated with AD. A wide variety of natural products from different origins have been evaluated preclinically and clinically for their neuroprotective mechanisms in preventing and attenuating the multifactorial pathologies of AD. This review mainly focuses on the possible neuroprotective mechanisms from natural products that may be beneficial in AD treatment and the natural product mixtures or extracts from different sources that have demonstrated neuroprotective activity in preclinical and/or clinical studies. It is believed that natural product mixtures or extracts containing multiple bioactive compounds that can work additively or synergistically to exhibit multiple neuroprotective mechanisms might be an effective approach in AD drug discovery.

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“…For instance, AGE at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight for 56 days significantly reduced the inflammatory response by decreasing the activation of microglia and IL-1β to the levels found in the untreated control group, thereby improving short-term recognition memory in cognitively impaired rats (Nillert et al 2017). Additionally, AGE could reduce the expression levels of neuroinflammatory mediators, including IL-1β and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) via the NF-κB pathway, and show an excellent AD prevention effect (Sripanidkulchai 2020). Interestingly, the crosstalk of anti-inflammation and antioxidant of AGE contributes to its neuroprotection effect.…”

Section: Garlic (Allium Sativum)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-plant foods and their macromolecules: untapped approaches to modulate neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease

Huang

Zhu

et al. 2021

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Recently, sustained neuroinflammatory response in microglia and astrocytes has been found to cause the deposition of amyloid beta plaques and the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, thereby accelerating AD progression. The lipoxin A4-transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of inflammatory processes. There is growing research-based evidence suggesting that dietary whole-plant foods, such as mushrooms and berries, may be used as inhibitors for anti-neuroinflammation. The beneficial effects of whole-plant foods were mainly attributed to their high contents of functional macromolecules including polysaccharides, polyphenols, and bioactive peptides. This review provides up-to-date information on important molecular signaling pathways of neuroinflammation and discusses the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of whole-plant foods. Further, a critical evaluation of plants' macromolecular components that have the potential to prevent and/or relieve AD is provided. This work will contribute to better understanding the pathogenetic mechanism of neuroinflammation in AD and provide new approaches for AD therapy.

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Benefits of aged garlic extract on Alzheimer's disease: Possible mechanisms of action (Review)

Cited by 12 publications

References 51 publications

Hairy Garlic (Allium subhirsutum) from Sicily (Italy): LC-DAD-MSn Analysis of Secondary Metabolites and In Vitro Biological Properties

Hairy Garlic (Allium subhirsutum) from Sicily (Italy): LC-DAD-MSn Analysis of Secondary Metabolites and In Vitro Biological Properties

Neuroprotective Natural Products for Alzheimer’s Disease

Whole-plant foods and their macromolecules: untapped approaches to modulate neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease

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