Benefits of Bt cotton counterbalanced by secondary pests? Perceptions of ecological change in China

Zhao, Jennifer H.; Ho, Peter; Azadi, Hossein

doi:10.1007/s10661-010-1439-y

Cited by 71 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Nonetheless in Switzerland, use of synthetic insecticides against corn borers is rare (Albisser Vögeli et al 2011) making deployment of Bt maize unlikely to be a reasonable option for farmers (Meissle et al 2011). Noteworthy, secondary pests may also appear, like the western bean cutworm Striacosta albicosta, that are not affected by Cry1Ab (Zhao et al 2011;Catarino et al 2015).…”

Section: Gm Crops Marginally Improve Environmental Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetically modified crops in Switzerland: implications for agrosystem sustainability evidenced by multi-criteria model

Wohlfender-Bühler

Feusthuber

Wager

et al. 2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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In Switzerland, genetically modified (GM) crops have been banned in 2005 and have never been used in agriculture. The relevance and sustainability of genetically modified crops for agrosystems have been assessed following a mandate from the Swiss Parliament defined by the Federal Act on Agriculture (187d al.1). For that, an ex ante study based on a multi-criteria decision analysis model that summarises literature and the opinion of experts has been done.The impacts of genetically modified crops on both environmental and socio-economical sustainability in Switzerland have been assessed. Here, we review four model crops for Swiss agriculture: maize, sugar beet, potato and apple. Each crop was compared for both conventional and genetically modified farming systems that contain a specific trait, namely insecticide production (Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)), herbicide tolerance (HT), fungal resistance (FR), or bacterial resistance (BR). Results show that six out of seven scenarios showed a lower socio-economical sustainability for genetically modified compared to the conventional systems, whereas a slight improvement in the environmental component, mostly resources use, was observed in all scenarios. In conclusion, our work indicates that only carefully tailored and designed genetically modified crops would meet the high standard of requirements of Swiss agrosystems. Our model has thus allowed a quick diagnostic on the impact of genetically modified cultivation on sustainability.

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Section: Gm Crops Marginally Improve Environmental Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetically modified crops in Switzerland: implications for agrosystem sustainability evidenced by multi-criteria model

Wohlfender-Bühler

Feusthuber

Wager

et al. 2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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“…2008;Li et al 2011;García et al 2012;Tian et al 2013). A resurgence of secondary pests such as aphids, spider mites, and mirid bugs has also been reported in transgenic crops (Wu et al 2002;Lu et al 2010;Zhao et al 2011). The effect of transgenic crops on the life histories of non-targeted insects has been observed under laboratory conditions, but the results are inconsistent.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these species, T. turkestani is a damaging and important pest (Guo et al 2013), also it causes the most damage to cotton in the northern part of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (Lu, 1990). Spider mite populations have increased since the widespread adoption of transgenic cotton (Wu and Guo, 2005;Zhao et al 2011). In some cases, spider mites have become the primary pest of transgenic cotton.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Bt+CpTI transgenic cotton on the performance of <em>Tetranychus</em><em> turkestani</em> (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Wan

et al. 2014

Systematic and Applied Acarology

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Transgenic cotton is very effective in controlling targeted pests such as cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera). However, increases in spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations have been reported in fields of transgenic cotton. The objectives of our laboratory experiments were (i) to determine host plant preference (transgenic or non-transgenic cotton) of T. turkestani females and (ii) to compare the life table parameters of T. turkestani females reared on transgenic or non-transgenic cotton. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays indicated that T. turkestani females reared on transgenic cotton leaves contained 14.9±0.23 μ g Bt toxic protein per gram fresh weight, about 57.4% toxin in the transgenic cotton leaves. Results of dual-choice disc tests showed that T. turkestani females preferred to feed and lay eggs on non-transgenic cotton. Food source (transgenic or non-transgenic cotton) had no significant effect on the life table parameters of T. turkestani females. We conclude that increases in the population of spider mites in fields of transgenic cotton cannot be attributed to host plant preference or to the effects of Bt toxic protein on the non-targeted arthropods life cycle. Additional studies should be done to determine if the increases are due to less insecticide application or less competition with primary insects in transgenic cotton fields.

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“…Some studies have already reported that the adoption of Bt crops leads to a reduction in insecticide use (Hutchison et al 2010;Kouser and Qaim 2011;Lu et al 2012), possibly favoring certain nontarget pest outbreaks (Zhao et al 2011). Therefore, it is important to understand the direct and indirect impacts of Bt plants on both non-target pest species and their natural enemies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetically modified soybean expressing insecticidal protein (Cry1Ac): Management risk and perspectives

Martins-Salles

Machado

Massochin-Pinto

et al. 2017

FACETS

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A Bt soybean has been recently developed, thus, efficiently regulating the populations of major lepidopteran pests. However, in other cases, these benefits have been reduced or lost because of the rapid evolution of pest resistance to the Bt toxins in transgenic crops. When pest populations are exposed to Bt crops and to refuges (non-Bt plants), the evolution of resistance is governed by the fitness of resistant individuals relative to susceptible individuals for both the presence and absence of Bt toxins. One major ecological concern regarding the biosafety of Bt crops on the environment is their potential effects on non-target organisms, especially predators and parasitoids that play an important role in pest control. This information is important for supporting insect resistance management (IRM) programs and for improving agricultural practices in a crop production system with Bt plants. Before the use of Bt plants for insect pest control in Brazil is adopted, IRM programs should be established to ensure the sustainability of this technology for integrated pest management (IPM). This review presents data on Bt soybean and lepidopteran pests as well as on the importance of natural enemies as a form of biological control, and applications for IPM and IRM.

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Benefits of Bt cotton counterbalanced by secondary pests? Perceptions of ecological change in China

Cited by 71 publications

References 27 publications

Genetically modified crops in Switzerland: implications for agrosystem sustainability evidenced by multi-criteria model

Genetically modified crops in Switzerland: implications for agrosystem sustainability evidenced by multi-criteria model

Effects of Bt+CpTI transgenic cotton on the performance of <em>Tetranychus</em><em> turkestani</em> (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Genetically modified soybean expressing insecticidal protein (Cry1Ac): Management risk and perspectives

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