Benefits of Fish Oil Consumption over Other Sources of Lipids on Metabolic Parameters in Obese Rats

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of the consumption of different levels and sources of lipids on metabolic parameters of Wistar rats. Animals were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) containing 20% of lard for 12 weeks to cause metabolic obesity. Subsequently, the animals were divided into six groups and were fed diets with lipid concentrations of 5% or 20% of lard (LD), soybean oil (SO) or fish oil (FO), for 4 weeks. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (two-way) followed by Tukey post hoc test (p < 0.05). The groups that consumed FO showed less weight gain and lower serum levels of triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol and fractions, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, atherogenic index, less amount of fat in the carcass, decreased Lee index and lower total leukocyte counting (p < 0.05). These same parameters were higher in LD treatment (p < 0.05). In the concentration of 20%, carcass fat content, blood glucose levels, as well as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) decreased in FO groups (p < 0.05). The SO group had intermediate results regarding the other two treatments (FO and LD). We concluded that fish oil intake was able to modulate positively the metabolic changes resulting from HFD.

The Impact of OMEGA-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on Insulin Resistance and Content of Adipocytokines and Biologically Active Lipids in Adipose Tissue of High-Fat Diet Fed Rats

“…The plasma TG concentration was lower in high fat-fed mice with EPA supplementation group than in the high fat diet alone [46]. Recently published data showed that serum TAG, total cholesterol, LDL, and VLDL, in obese Wistar rats fed diets containing 5% or 20% fish oil, was reduced as compared to obese animals fed lard diets, regardless of the concentration [52]. There are only few reports on the Cer and DAG content in high fat-fed animals after fish oil supplementation [15,53].…”

Meat, Meat Products and Seafood as Sources of Energy and Nutrients in the Average Polish Diet

“…This trend is determined by economic [ 67 ], psychological [ 61 ], religious [ 62 ], health [ 65 , 66 , 68 , 69 ] factors and product availability [ 67 ]. However, the increase in fish consumption leading probably to a decreased incidence of cardiovascular disease (due to long-chain n-3-fatty acids and vitamin D contribution) [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 ] should be considered with the increased concentrations of environmental toxins (polychlorinated biphenyls, poly and perfluoroalkyl substances and methylmercury) [ 73 , 74 ]. Contaminants detected in fish are associated with cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders and cancer [ 74 ].…”

A diet rich in menhaden oil has the hypolipidemic effect but increases plasma glucose and insulin levels in rats

“…In our study TC, HDL cholesterol and TG plasma levels in rats fed both, low-and high-fat diets with menhaden oil were considerably lower than in rats fed the isocaloric diets based on lard or sunflower oil, and also in animals fed standard chow diet (results not shown). Gondim et al (2018) also demonstrated that supplementation of 10% of energy by fish oil was enough to lower plasma lipid levels. It was also revealed that this hypolipidemic effect increased in line with increasing fish oil content in a diet.…”