Benefits of physical exercise on executive functions in older people with Parkinson’s disease

Tanaka, Kátia; Quadros, Antonio Carlos de; Santos, R. F.; Stella, Florindo; Gobbi, Lílian Teresa Bucken; Gobbi, Sebastião

doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2008.09.008

Cited by 185 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Significant improvements were found in executive function in the training group over the control group (as identified by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test [63]). Specifically, improvements in abstraction and mental flexibility were noted [62]. Both of these studies hypothesize that physical activity may be able to positively impact the circulatory system in such a way that executive function is consequently improved [61] [62].…”

Section: Clinical Bottom Linementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Specifically, improvements in abstraction and mental flexibility were noted [62]. Both of these studies hypothesize that physical activity may be able to positively impact the circulatory system in such a way that executive function is consequently improved [61] [62]. Ridgel et al [61], suggest that the physiologic effects typically associated with exercise (increased cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, decreased vagal tone) may function to treat the cardiovascular risk factors identified to affect cognition in person with PD.…”

Section: Clinical Bottom Linementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study by Tanaka et al [62] the effects of a multimodal exercise session on executive function was studied in the PD population. Significant improvements were found in executive function in the training group over the control group (as identified by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test [63]).…”

Section: Clinical Bottom Linementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ridgel et al [61], suggest that the physiologic effects typically associated with exercise (increased cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, decreased vagal tone) may function to treat the cardiovascular risk factors identified to affect cognition in person with PD. Likewise, Tanaka et al [62] hypothesized that exercise in persons with PD may result in increased blood flow to the brain, thus, treating the cerebrovascular perfusion deficits associated with altered cognition in this population. Further research, including detailed imaging in the form of perfusion scans during physical activity, may be warranted in order to better support the aforementioned hypothesis that cognitive impairment in PD can be directly treated by the altered circulation and perfusion patterns identified following exercise.…”

Section: Clinical Bottom Linementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Effects on Cognition in Persons with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Carey¹,

Julian²,

Kristeller³

et al. 2015

APD

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Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review of the literature is to examine the cerebrovascular and cardiovascular effects on cognition in persons with Parkinson's disease. Relevance: Physical therapy treatment of persons with Parkinson's disease (PD) has traditionally focused on lessening the impact of disease severity by improving quality of life and functional capacity. Research has shown that quality of life in persons with PD is not only significantly affected by motor symptoms, but also by the presence of defined non-motor symptoms such as cerebrovascular perfusion, cardiovascular dysfunction, and cognitive impairment. This study seeks to determine a causative effect among these non-motor symptoms with the intention to better manage cognitive impairment in persons with PD. Methods: A literature search was conducted utilizing the following databases: Scopus, PubMed, and CINAHL. After evaluating and grading studies using the Downs and Black Checklist, a total of seven studies remained for the final review. Results: Five common domains of cognition emerged throughout the seven studies: executive function, attention, verbal memory and fluency, visual memory, and working memory. Considering the articles reviewed, a relationship between cerebrovascular and cardiovascular deficiency and cognitive impairment in persons with PD was established. Conclusions: Persons with PD and certain cerebrovascular and cardiovascular risk factors, including orthostatic hypotension and systemic hypertension, should be referred to appropriate professionals for comprehensive neuropsychological testing secondary to an increased risk for more severe cognitive deficit.

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Section: Clinical Bottom Linementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Clinical Bottom Linementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Bottom Linementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Bottom Linementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Effects on Cognition in Persons with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Carey¹,

Julian²,

Kristeller³

et al. 2015

APD

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“…Resistance training [39] has been shown to improve executive function in PD. Nonaerobic group training interventions, including stretching, balance and coordination activities performed in a game context have been shown to improve working memory in a group of nursing home residents with various diagnoses [40] and in AD [41].…”

Section: Inclusion and Exclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Relating motor and cognitive interventions in animals and humans

Carruthers¹,

Zampieri²,

Damiano³

2014

Translational Neuroscience

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Cognition and motor performance are essential components of human functioning. Recent research has provided evidence that these two domains are more interrelated than previously thought. This is a potentially important area of research with many questions that warrant further exploration and have practical implications to the field of neurological rehabilitation. In this review of literature we included animals and humans in healthy conditions as well as pathological conditions affecting the central nervous system. Our primary goal was to comprehensively review the relevant basic science and clinical literature on the e ects of motor interventions on cognitive function and vice versa. We found more evidence supporting positive effects of exercise on cognition than effects of cognitive training on motor function. In addition, we examined the extent to which findings from animal literature have been or can be translated to humans. We found that, with the exception of one study in monkeys, most animal studies which investigate rodents are somewhat challenging to translate to human studies, independent of the intervention employed. It is difficult to find a human parallel to exercise in rodents, because both the voluntary and forced exercise paradigms used in rodents happen in a di erent context than humans. In addition it is difficult to find an animal parallel to cognitive training in humans, because the environmental enrichment intervention cannot be considered "purely" cognitive stimulation as it also involves sensory, motor and social components. We conclude the review by suggesting avenues for future research and intervention strategies.

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Association of Levels of Physical Activity With Risk of Parkinson Disease

et al. 2018

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Key Points Question What is the association between physical activity and the risk of Parkinson disease? Findings In this systematic review and meta-analysis of more than half a million unique participants, physical activity, particularly moderate to vigorous physical activity, was associated with a significant reduction in Parkinson disease risk. This association was stronger among men than women. Meaning Physical activity may be an important protective factor for preventing the development of Parkinson disease among at-risk men; thus, large prospective studies should be performed to examine this association and to investigate the factors that underlie the observed sex difference.

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Benefits of physical exercise on executive functions in older people with Parkinson’s disease

Cited by 185 publications

References 49 publications

The Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Effects on Cognition in Persons with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature

The Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Effects on Cognition in Persons with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Relating motor and cognitive interventions in animals and humans

Association of Levels of Physical Activity With Risk of Parkinson Disease

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