Benefits of Thermal Spray Coatings in Internal Combustion Engines, with Specific View on Friction Reduction and Thermal Management

Morawitz, Urban; Mehring, Jan; Schramm, L. S.

doi:10.4271/2013-01-0292

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Thus, as in Musculus [38] and Skeen [15], the radiant fraction, X rad , is defined as the fraction of the total chemical energy released during injection that is lost due to radiation heat transfer. This is expressed as: (7) where m f represents the mass of fuel injected and Q LHV is the lower heating value of 30% Decane and 70% Hexadecane (43995 KJ/Kg). Thus, when the injection pressure was decreased and/or ambient temperature and/or incylinder gas density were increased, the radiant fraction was also increased.…”

Section: Calculation Of Radiant Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, different strategies are proposed to achieve these objectives; thermal management improvement [1] [2], indicated cycle optimization [3][4], incylinder heat transfer (HT) reduction [5] [6], reduction of friction and auxiliaries losses [7][8], engine downsizing [9], new combustion concepts [10][11] among others. In the present work, the research effort has been focused on improving knowledge of incylinder heat transfer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-cylinder soot radiation heat transfer in direct-injection diesel engines

Benajes

Martín

García

et al. 2015

Energy Conversion and Management

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HIGHLIGHTSOptoelectronic pyrometer provides similar results compared with a conventional method Lower injection pressure results in higher radiation Higher ambient temperature and higher in-cylinder gas density produce higher radiation Larger lift-off length reduces the soot volume fraction and the spectral intensity An increase on swirl number, load and CA50 provide a lower total radiation Lower values of EGR implies a decreased on radiation intensity KEYWORDSSoot; in-cylinder heat transfer; radiation; Optical pyrometer; ABSTRACTThe efficiency and CO 2 are one of the main concerns of automotive manufacturers.There are several strategies under investigation to solve this problem. In the present work, the research effort has been focused on improving knowledge of in-cylinder heat transfer and its impact on engine efficiency. In particular, soot radiation was studied since it can be considered a significant source of the efficiency losses in modern diesel engines. Considering previous studies, the portion of total chemical energy released during combustion lost due to radiation heat transfer varies widely from 0.5 up to 10%, depending on engine parameters and combustion process. Thus, the main objective of this work was to evaluate the amount of energy lost to soot radiation relative to the input fuel chemical energy during the combustion event under different operating conditions in a completely controlled environment provided by an optical engine. Under these simplified conditions, two-color method was applied by using high speed imaging pyrometer with cameras (two dimensional results) and optoelectronic pyrometer (zero dimensional results). Once a detailed comparison between both diagnostics was performed, optoelectronic pyrometer was used to characterize radiant energy losses in a fully instrumented 4-cylinder direct-injection light-duty diesel engine. In particular swirl ratio, EGR and combustion phasing effects on radiation heat transfer were evaluated.

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Section: Calculation Of Radiant Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-cylinder soot radiation heat transfer in direct-injection diesel engines

Benajes

Martín

García

et al. 2015

Energy Conversion and Management

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“…• Several works describing detailed friction model to estimate the friction in the piston assembly, crankshaft bearing and valve train along with the power to drive the ancillaries system [20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Page 2 Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the market pressure along with the increasing warning due to the effect of GHG emissions is pushing the researchers and manufacturers to search for more efficient engines with lower consumption and CO 2 emissions. The efforts are oriented to different issues such as thermal management [11][12][13][14], indicated cycle optimization [15][16][17], incylinder heat transfer (HT) reduction [18,19], friction and ancillaries losses reduction [20][21][22][23] or engine downsizing [24] between others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Tool to Perform Global Energy Balances in DI Diesel Engines

Payri¹,

Olmeda²,

Martín³

et al. 2014

SAE Int. J. Engines

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The generalization of exhaust aftertreatment systems along with the growing awareness about climate change is leading to an increasing importance of the efficiency over other criteria during the design of reciprocating engines. Using experimental and theoretical tools to perform detailed global energy balance (GEB) of the engine is a key issue for assessing the potential of different strategies to reduce consumption. With the objective of improving the analysis of GEB, this paper describes a tool that allows calculating the detailed internal repartition of the fuel energy in DI Diesel engines. Starting from the instantaneous in-cylinder pressure, the tool is able to describe the different energy paths thanks to different submodels for all the relevant subsystems. Hence, the heat transfer from gases to engine walls is obtained with specific convective and radiative models in the chamber and ports; the repartition of the heat flux throughout the engine metal elements towards the oil and coolant is estimated with a lumped capacitance model; finally, the ancillary systems and friction losses are obtained through specific semiempirical submodels. The validation of the tool is performed in a 4-cylinder DI Diesel engine instrumented to perform detailed experimental GEB. Finally, a simple analysis of combined internal and external analysis in the complete engine map shows the effect of operating conditions on each energy term. Thus it is demonstrated the utility of the proposed tool, that complements the experimental heat flow measurements in Diesel engine researches oriented to the reduction of energy consumption.

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“…Thus, different strategies are proposed to achieve these objectives; thermal management improvement [1,2], indicated cycle optimization [3,4], in-cylinder heat transfer (HT) reduction [5,6], reduction of friction and auxiliaries losses [7,8] or engine downsizing [9] among others. In the present work, the research effort has been focused on improving knowledge of in-cylinder heat transfer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of Radiation Heat Transfer in a Light-Duty Diesel Engine

Benajes¹,

Martín²,

García³

et al. 2015

SAE Int. J. Engines

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In the last two decades engine research has been mainly focused on reducing pollutant emissions. This fact together with growing awareness about the impacts of climate change are leading to an increase in the importance of thermal efficiency over other criteria in the design of internal combustion engines (ICE). In this framework, the heat transfer to the combustion chamber walls can be considered as one of the main sources of indicated efficiency diminution. In particular, in modern direct-injection diesel engines, the radiation emission from soot particles can constitute a significant component of the efficiency losses. Thus, the main of objective of the current research was to evaluate the amount of energy lost to soot radiation relative to the input fuel chemical energy during the combustion event under several representative engine loads and speeds. Moreover, the current research characterized the impact of different engine operating conditions on radiation heat transfer. For this purpose, a combination of theoretical and experimental tools were used. In particular, soot radiation was quantified with a sensor that uses two-color thermometry along with its corresponding simplified radiation model. Experiments were conducted using a 4-cylinder direct-injection light-duty diesel engine fully instrumented with thermocouples. The goal was to calculate the energy balance of the input fuel chemical energy.Results provide a characterization of radiation heat transfer for different engine loads and speeds as well as radiation trends for different engine operating conditions.

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Benefits of Thermal Spray Coatings in Internal Combustion Engines, with Specific View on Friction Reduction and Thermal Management

Cited by 29 publications

References 3 publications

In-cylinder soot radiation heat transfer in direct-injection diesel engines

In-cylinder soot radiation heat transfer in direct-injection diesel engines

A New Tool to Perform Global Energy Balances in DI Diesel Engines

An Investigation of Radiation Heat Transfer in a Light-Duty Diesel Engine

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