Benign Intratesticular Cystic Lesions: US Features

Dogra, Vikram S.; Gottlieb, Ronald H.; Rubens, Deborah J.; Liao, Lydia

doi:10.1148/radiographics.21.suppl_1.g01oc15s273

Cited by 170 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…By virtue of their location, these cysts are almost always palpable despite being very small in size, ranging from 2 to 7 mm (Fig. 3a) (4,6). These cysts meet the criteria for a simple cyst by ultrasound but sometimes may be calcified or even contain milk of calcium (Fig.…”

Section: Tunica Albuginea Cystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benign cysts are often incidentally found and are generally not palpable (3). They usually occur near the mediastinum testis and are associated with extratesticular spermatoceles (4,5). On ultrasound, simple cysts have an imperceptible wall, an anechoic center, and through transmission, with sizes ranging from 2 mm to 2 cm in diameter ( Fig.…”

Section: Cystic Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four sonographic appearances of epidermoid cysts have been described, but the classic onion ring appearance is considered characteristic (Fig. 4) and corresponds with the natural evolution of the epidermoid cyst (4,10). There is only one report in the literature that has suggested that this so-called "classic appearance of epidermoid cysts" can be seen in teratomas (11).…”

Section: Epidermoid Cystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non neoplastic intratesticular masses

Bhatt¹,

Jafri²,

Wasserman³

et al. 2009

Diagn Interv Radiol

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High-frequency ultrasonography is the first modality of choice for the evaluation of scrotal pathology. The use of high-frequency ultrasound is increasing, allowing detection and better characterization of many benign intrascrotal lesions that can be treated with non-surgical management or testicular-sparing surgery.This pictorial essay presents gray-scale and color-flow Doppler features of non-neoplastic intratesticular masses. For ease of understanding, the review is organized into three major categories: cystic, vascular, and solid non-neoplastic masses. Table summarizes the key sonographic features, each with recommended management. Sonographic anatomy of the testisThe normal adult testes in each hemi scrotum are symmetric in size and measure approximately 5x3x2 cm. On ultrasound, a normal testis is identified by the presence of homogeneous, medium-level echoes and is contained by a fibrous sheath called the tunica albuginea. The tunica albuginea is identified on ultrasound as a thin echogenic line around the testis and is externally covered by the tunica vaginalis. The tunica vaginalis consists of visceral and parietal layers that are normally separated by a few milliliters (2-3 mL) of fluid. The tunica attaches to the scrotal wall at the posterolateral aspect of the testis. From the posterior aspect of the testis, the tunica albuginea invaginates within the testis to form an incomplete septum, called the mediastinum testis. Sonographically, the mediastinum testis appears as an echogenic band of variable thickness that extends across the testis in the longitudinal axis (Fig. 1). Multiple fibrous septa extend from the mediastinum into the testis, dividing it into 250 to 400 lobules. Spermatogenesis occurs within the seminiferous tubules contained within these lobules. The seminiferous tubules open into dilated spaces called the rete testis within the mediastinum via the tubuli recti. The normal rete testis can be seen on high-frequency US in 18% of patients. (1). The rete testis drains into the epididymis via 10 to 15 efferent ductules.There are four testicular appendages (remnants of the mesonephric and paramesonephric ducts): the appendix testis (hydatid of Morgagni), the appendix epididymis, the vas aberrans, and the paradidymis. The appendix testis and the appendix epididymis are commonly seen on scrotal US. The appendix testis is a small ovoid structure usually at the upper pole of the testis in the groove between the testis and the epididymis, better seen by the presence of fluid around the testis.The testes are supplied by testicular arteries that arise from the abdominal aorta. The testicular arteries enter the spermatic cord at the deep inguinal ring and continue along the posterior surface of the testis, penetrating the tunica albuginea and forming the capsular arteries that course through the tunica vasculosa, which underlies the tunica ABDOMINAL IMAGING PICTORIAL ESSAY Imaging of non-neoplastic intratesticular massesShweta Bhatt, Syed Zafar H. Jafri, Neil Wasserman, Vikram S. Dogra ABSTRACTThe u...

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Section: Tunica Albuginea Cystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cystic Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidermoid Cystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non neoplastic intratesticular masses

Bhatt¹,

Jafri²,

Wasserman³

et al. 2009

Diagn Interv Radiol

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“…11 mm in size) solitary unilocular cystic lesion seen located within the tunica, surrounded by the testis. Though the mean age at presentation is 40 years, [17] our case aged 35 years.…”

Section: Intratesticular Cystmentioning

confidence: 77%

Evaluation of Scrotal Pathology by High Resolution Ultrasound and Colour Doppler

Biswas¹,

De²

2017

jemds

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BACKGROUNDClinical diagnosis of a scrotal swelling is not straightforward. It is often difficult to decide whether a palpable scrotal m ass is intratesticular or extratesticular. Moreover, the clinical examination may over look significant pathology and physical signs elicited may be improperly interpreted. The sonogram with high frequency linear transducer and colour Doppler is invaluable in evaluating scrotum and its contents. Sonography is simple to perform, rapid, non-invasive, relatively inexpensive, easily reproducible, widely available and does not expose the gonads to radiation. Aim and Objective-To evaluate various scrotal pathologies using ultrasonography and to describe the role of high resolution ultrasound and colour Doppler in their diagnosis.

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“…In this case differential diagnosis should include tumorof the tunica albuginea such as sarcoma and mesothelioma. In cases of diagnostic doubt contrast enhanced MRI should be performed [11].…”

Section: Albuginea Cystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cystic lesions and scrotal fluid collections in adults: Ultrasound findings

Valentino¹,

Bertolotto

Ruggirello³

et al. 2011

Journal of Ultrasound

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The widespread use of scrotal ultrasonography (US) has led to increased detection of testicular and extratesticular pathologies. Cystic or encapsulated fluid collections are relatively common benign lesions that usually present as palpable testicular lumps. Most cysts arise in the epidydimis, but all anatomical structures of the scrotum can be the site of their origin. US may suggest a specific diagnosis for a wide variety of intrascrotal cystic and fluid lesions and appropriately guide therapeutic options. US should be used as an adjunctive diagnostic modality after clinical evaluation of a scrotal lesion associated or not with the presence of a lump.Sommario La diffusione nella pratica clinica dell'ecografia ha determinato il riscontro sempre più frequente di lesioni delle struttura testicolari ed extratesticolari. Le cisti e le raccolte fluide incapsulate sono lesioni benigne di frequente osservazione e si manifestano come tumefazioni in genere non dolenti. La maggioranza delle cisti si localizza a livello dell'epididimo, ma tutte le strutture anatomiche dello scroto possono essere sede della loro origine. Gli ultrasuoni consentono in molti casi una diagnosi precisa e specifica, che non richiede ulteriori accertamenti diagnostici, ma solo una adeguata scelta terapeutica. L'ecografia deve essere impiegata come mezzo diagnostico che si aggiunge all'esplorazione clinica in tutti i casi in cui un processo espansivo viene palpato o meno. ª

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Benign Intratesticular Cystic Lesions: US Features

Cited by 170 publications

References 14 publications

Non neoplastic intratesticular masses

Non neoplastic intratesticular masses

Evaluation of Scrotal Pathology by High Resolution Ultrasound and Colour Doppler

Cystic lesions and scrotal fluid collections in adults: Ultrasound findings

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