Benign metastasizing leiomyoma to skull base and spine: a report of two cases

Alessi, G.; Lemmerling, Marc; Vereecken, L; Waele, L. de

doi:10.1016/s0303-8467(03)00002-7

Cited by 69 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Benign metastasizing leiomyoma is an extrauterine smooth muscle tumor that occurs in patients with a current or prior history of uterine leiomyoma. [6][7][8] It has been reported in multiple locations, with the lung being the most common metastatic site, [6][7][8] but metastases have also been reported in the skull base, 9 spine, 9…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastasizing Leiomyoma to Heart

Consamus

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Ayala³

et al. 2014

Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastasizing Leiomyoma to Heart

Consamus

Reardon

Ayala³

et al. 2014

Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal

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“…Two pulmonary tumor nodules and one uterine tumor from this patient were analyzed. Patient 2 was 37-year-old who underwent abdominal myomectomy for leiomyomas 3 1 2 years prior to presenting with multiple, small pulmonary nodules. A wedge biopsy specimen yielded a single 15 mm nodule.…”

Section: Clinical Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign metastasizing leiomyoma: clonality, telomere length and clinicopathologic analysis

et al. 2006

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Benign metastasizing leiomyoma is a rare condition affecting women with a history of uterine leiomyomata and is characterized by multiple histologically benign pulmonary smooth muscle tumors. Speculations on its pathogenesis include a benign uterine leiomyoma colonizing the lung, a metastatic low-grade uterine leiomyosarcoma, and primary pulmonary leiomyomatosis. To elucidate its pathogenesis, we analyzed the clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical features, clonality, and telomere length of multiple lung and uterine tumors in three patients with benign metastasizing leiomyoma. In all cases, pulmonary tumors had benign histology and immunohistochemical profiles (estrogen receptor positive, progesterone receptor positive, and very low proliferative index) identical to uterine leiomyoma. In eight tumors from three patients, clonality was assessed by analyzing the variable length of the polymorphic CAG repeat sequence within the human androgen receptor gene. In the two informative patients pulmonary and uterine tumors showed identical patterns of androgen receptor allelic inactivation, indicating that they were clonal. The telomere length measured by fluorescence in situ hybridization in pulmonary leiomyomas of all three patients were either long or very long and were identical to the uterine counterparts, indicating significant telomere shortening is not a crucial step for developing metastases. Our evidence supports the notion that benign metastasizing leiomyoma is clonally derived from benign-appearing uterine leiomyomas.

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“…Rarely, uterine leiomyomas are accompanied by nodules in other sites such as the lungs [1][2][3][4] . This disease is called benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) and was fi rst described in 1939 by Steiner [5] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The histological differential diagnosis of pulmonary smooth muscle nodules includes BML, primary leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma, metastatic leiomyosarcoma, pulmonary hamartoma, leiomyomatous hyperplasia and lymphangioleiomyomatosis [6,[13][14][15] , in which, however, the proliferating cells express HMB-45. Reported treatment methods include surgical resection of the nodules if possible, hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy, chemotherapy, progesterone and medical castration using luteinizing hormone-releasing analogue or the appropriate combination of them [2,8,16] . The clinical course of the pulmonary lesions varies from a chronic inactive appearance to a rapid progression leading to respiratory failure and death [16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%