Benzene dispersion and natural attenuation in an alluvial aquifer with strong interactions with surface water

Abstract

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Limits of heat as a tracer to quantify transient lateral river‐aquifer exchanges

“…The required parameters are shown in Table . The aquifer hydraulic conductivity and porosity ranges were based on previous studies at the field site [ Batlle‐Aguilar , ; Batlle‐Aguilar et al ., ] and are consistent with other studies conducted elsewhere in the same alluvial aquifer [ Brouyère , ; Wildemeersch et al ., ]. The density, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of water are fixed at 1000 kg m −3 , 4185 J kg −1 °C −1 , and 0.5 W m −1 °C −1 .…”

“…Groundwater head in monitored wells follows similar fluctuations as the river, with amplitudes progressively attenuated and time lags increased at the wells farther from the river (Figure b). Under base flow conditions (river level at 59.4 m asl) the aquifer discharges into the Meuse River, but the hydraulic gradient is reversed when the river level rises beyond approximately 60.3 m asl, causing surface water to infiltrate into the alluvial aquifer at the study site [ Batlle‐Aguilar et al ., ].…”

“…Rainfall could explain between 20% and 40% of the water table fluctuations [ Batlle‐Aguilar , ]. The aquifer was characterized by performing a number of hydrogeological tests (pumping tests and slug tests) and analytical and numerical modeling [ Batlle‐Aguilar et al ., ]. The aquifer material was found to be heterogeneous with hydraulic conductivity values spanning over four orders of magnitude (10 −6 to 10 −3 m s −1 ).…”

“…Effective porosity varies from 0.015 to 0.03, and aquifer diffusivity from 0.01 to up to 0.3 m 2 s −1 . The hydraulic conductivity of the artificial riverbank material in front of the study site was estimated to be between 10 −5 and 10 −4 m s −1 , using an analytical solution and numerical modeling [ Batlle‐Aguilar et al ., ].…”

Organic Pollutants in Groundwater in the Former Airbase

“…Their high concentrations (exceeding respectively 15.7 and 0.39 mg/dm 3 ) can be explained by high solubility of these compounds in water. Comparable and even higher exceeding of allowable concentrations of these compounds was noted in the 1990s on the area of petrol station [1,2]. Increased amounts (exceeding 100 µg/dm 3 ) were noted as well in the case of styrene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, 4-isopropylbenzene, n-butylbenzene and tert-butylbenzene with 1,2,4-trimerthylbenzene.…”