�ber Rhizinenstr�nge bei placodialen Flechten

Poelt, Josef; Baumgartner, H.

doi:10.1007/bf01373317

Cited by 27 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Unlike the soil cyanobacteria, which grow within the soil, lichens and bryophytes have most of their biomass above the soil surface ( Figure 5), which protects underlying soils from raindrop impact and resists detachment of particles during overland flow events. Lichens and bryophytes also have anchoring structures (rhizoptae, rhizinae, and rhizomorphs; Poelt and Baumgärtner, 1964;Sanders, 1994) that penetrate down into the soil as deep as 14 mm . In addition, multi-branched, subterranean moss protonemata are interspersed throughout the soil crust matrix.…”

Section: Internal Structure Of Biological Soil Crustsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential roles of biological soil crusts in dryland hydrologic cycles

Belnap

2006

Hydrological Processes

589

491

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Abstract:Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are the dominant living cover in many drylands of the world. They possess many features that can influence different aspects of local hydrologic cycles, including soil porosity, absorptivity, roughness, aggregate stability, texture, pore formation, and water retention. The influence of biological soil crusts on these factors depends on their internal and external structure, which varies with climate, soil, and disturbance history. This paper presents the different types of biological soil crusts, discusses how crust type likely influences various aspects of the hydrologic cycle, and reviews what is known and not known about the influence of biological crusts on sediment production and water infiltration versus runoff in various drylands around the world. Most studies examining the effect of biological soil crusts on local hydrology are done by comparing undisturbed sites with those recently disturbed by the researchers. Unfortunately, this greatly complicates interpretation of the results. Applied disturbances alter many soil features such as soil texture, roughness, aggregate stability, physical crusting, porosity, and bulk density in ways that would not necessarily be the same if crusts were not naturally present. Combined, these studies show little agreement on how biological crusts affect water infiltration or runoff. However, when studies are separated by biological crust type and utilize naturally occurring differences among these types, results indicate that biological crusts in hyperarid regions reduce infiltration and increase runoff, have mixed effects in arid regions, and increase infiltration and reduce runoff in semiarid cool and cold drylands. However, more studies are needed before broad generalizations can be made on how biological crusts affect infiltration and runoff. We especially need studies that control for sub-surface soil features such as bulk density, micro-and macropores, and biological crust structure. Unlike the mixed effects of biological crusts on infiltration and runoff among regions, almost all studies show that biological crusts reduce sediment production, regardless of crust or dryland type. Published in

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Section: Internal Structure Of Biological Soil Crustsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential roles of biological soil crusts in dryland hydrologic cycles

Belnap

2006

Hydrological Processes

589

491

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“…may have significant influence upon the resulting form of the organism. The comparison of rhizomorphs to roots must be made with caution; no absorptive-conductive specialization has been demonstrated in lichen rhizomorphs (Poelt and Baumgartner. 1964).…”

Section: Thallus Architecture and Its Ecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lichen rhizomorphs can be distinguished from rhizines by their indeterminate and irregular growth. and have been thought to function in anchoring squamules to the substrate (Poelt and Baumgartner, 1964). It has also been reported that the rhizomorphs of Endocarpon pusillurn Hedwig can capture algal cells, giving rise to new squamules (Malone, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lichenizing Rhizomorphs and Thallus Development in the Squamulose Lichen Aspicilia crespiana Rico ined. (Lecanorales, Ascomycetes)

Sanders

Rico

1992

Botanica Acta

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This work describes the rhizomorphs and their relation to thallus development in the squamulose lichen Aspicilia crespiana Rico ined. The rhizomorphs capture algal cells, giving rise to new squamules terminally or laterally. The thallus thus consists of a network of lichenized squamules interlinked by mycobiontic rhizomorphs. A previously proposed comparison of lichen rhizomorphs to the prothallus (hypothallus) of crustose lichens is applied and expanded upon. Other less organized prothallic structures sometimes produced by A. crespiana are also described. The importance of lichenizing rhizomorphs as an essential feature of thallus growth in this species is emphasized and a competitive role in substrate occupation and thallus expansion is suggested.

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“…2001). Very similar structures to Prasinema are hyphal bundles of non‐lichenized fungi, such as the bootstrap fungus ( Armillaria mellea : Mihail and Bruhn 2005) and rhizines of Ascolichens and Basidolichens, especially placoid forms (Vogel 1955; Poelt and Baumgärtner 1964). These two alternatives cannot be distinguished on morphological grounds, although primary productivity of Cambrian palaeosols lacking embryophytic plants would be unlikely to support such abundant hyphae of non‐lichenized fungi.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A is after Martin et al. (1983); C is after Poelt and Baumgärtner (1964); D is after Vogel (1955): others original.…”

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Problematic megafossils in Cambrian palaeosols of South Australia

Retallack¹

2011

Palaeontology

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Other axial structures (Prasinema nodosum and P. adunatum gen. et spp. nov.) are larger and show distinctive surface irregularities (short protuberances and irregular striations, respectively). The size and form of these filaments are most like rhizines of soil-crust lichens. Other evidence of life on land includes quilted spheroids (Erytholus globosus gen. et sp. nov.) and thallose impressions (Farghera sp. indet.), which may have been slime moulds and lichens, respectively. These distinctive fossils in Cambrian palaeosols represent communities comparable with modern biological soil crusts.

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�ber Rhizinenstr�nge bei placodialen Flechten

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

The potential roles of biological soil crusts in dryland hydrologic cycles

The potential roles of biological soil crusts in dryland hydrologic cycles

Lichenizing Rhizomorphs and Thallus Development in the Squamulose Lichen Aspicilia crespiana Rico ined. (Lecanorales, Ascomycetes)

Problematic megafossils in Cambrian palaeosols of South Australia

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