Bermudagrass Yield Response to Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization in Northwest Arkansas

Seay, Robert A.; Slaton, Nathan A.

doi:10.1094/fg-2008-0818-01-rs

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In 2006 and 2007, 90% ofthe maximum predicted yield of forage receiving 500 kg N ha"' yr"' would be produced by the application of 300 to 325 kg N ha" ' yr" ' as urea, 315 to 330 kg N ha" ' yr" ' as urea -(-NBPT, and 290 to 310 kg N ha"' yr"' as NH4NO3. Seay and Slaton (2008) estimated that 90% ofthe maximum bermudagrass yield would be produced with 400 kg N ha" '. Bermudagrass forage yields were not different among the inorganic N sotirces in 2006 and were always similar for urea and urea -(-NBPT (Table 6).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Season-total Forage Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seay and Slaton (2008) reported that 400 kg N ha"' yr"' would produce 90% relative forage yield of unirrigated bermudagrass in northwest Arkansas. To ensure accurate characterization of the N content and composition of the PPL, each year a 1-kg subsample of the bulk PPL was placed in a pla.stic bag, two or more suhsamples were removed, and each subsample was analyzed for total and inorganic N content as described ahove.…”

Section: Ammonia Volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bermudagrass Forage Yield and Ammonia Volatilization as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization

Massey¹,

Slaton²,

Norman³

et al. 2011

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Forage fertilization practices ate changing because of poultry litter use restrictions and reduced NH^NOj availability. Our objectives were to compare bermudagrass [Cynoàin dactylon (L.) Pers.] yield and N uptake among N sources and rates and evaluate the influence of N-fertilizer source on NH., volatilization. Four N sources, pelleted poultry litter (PPL), NH^NO,, urea, and urea + iV-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) were applied at rates of 0 to 500 kg N ha" yr" to common bermudagtass from 2006 to 2008. Measurements included dry mattet yield and total N uptake ftom each N source applied at 400 kg N ha"' yr"'. A semi-open static chamber method was used to measure NH, volatilization for 15 d from each N source applied at 400 kg N ha" yr" in three split applications. Dry matter increased linearly in 2006 and curvilinearly in 2007 and 2008 as N rate increased, with maximum yields of 9910 to 14,328 kg ha" '. Forage fertilized with <300 kg PPL-N ha" ' yr" ' produced 78 to 96% of the dry matter as the same rates of NH^NO,. The addition of NBPT to urea showed no consistent benefit to yield or N uptake compared with urea alone. Urea-based fertilizers produced similar to slightly lower yields and N uptakes than NH^NOj. Cumulative NHj-N loss was greatest for urea (10.4-18.7% of applied N), intermediate for urea + NBPT (2.0-3.9%), and < 1.5% for PPL and NH^NOj. Given the limited availability of NH4NO3, restrictions on poultry litter use, and concerns about air quality, urea amended with NBPT is a suitable N source for bermudagrass.Abbreviations: NBPT, 7V-(n-hutyl) thiophosphoric ttiamide; PPL, pelleted poultry litter.

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Section: Results and Discussion Season-total Forage Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ammonia Volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bermudagrass Forage Yield and Ammonia Volatilization as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization

Massey¹,

Slaton²,

Norman³

et al. 2011

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…During the winter after the second year of grazing, there was noticeable plant death in some pastures leaving open areas in the sward the following spring. Inadequate soil K levels have also been associated with poor persistence of bermudagrasses (Seay and Slaton, 2008). The decline in cover was most severe in pastures with the tallest SH.…”

Section: Postgraze Stubble Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing Management Effects on Productivity, Nutritive Value, and Persistence of ‘Tifton 85’ Bermudagrass

et al. 2011

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‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is an important forage in the southern United States, but its responses to the interaction of grazing frequency and intensity have not been studied. Sward persistence, herbage accumulation, and nutritive value were measured during 3 yr. Treatments were all combinations of three postgraze stubble heights (SH; 8, 16, and 24 cm) and three regrowth intervals (RI; 14, 21, and 28 d). Short SH (8 cm) with long RI (28 d) or tall SH (24 cm) with short RI (14 d) produced greatest herbage accumulation (11–15 Mg ha−1 yr−1). Lowest or nearly lowest herbage accumulation occurred with 14‐d RI and 8‐cm SH or 28‐d RI with 24‐cm SH (7.4–12 Mg ha−1 yr−1). Intermediate levels of RI (21 d) or SH (16 cm) produced consistent herbage accumulation regardless of level of the other factor. Nutritive value was primarily affected by RI, and P (3.1 to 2.8 g kg−1), crude protein (CP; 150 to 108 g kg−1), and in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM; 602 to 582 g kg−1) concentrations decreased as RI increased. Organic matter and nutrient mass of storage organs increased with increasing SH, but the 24‐cm SH treatment exhibited greater reduction in percentage cover (∼43% units) than the other SH treatments (∼22% units) after 3 yr of grazing. These data indicate that intermediate levels of SH (16 cm) and RI (21 d) provided relatively high Tifton 85 herbage accumulation and nutritive value while minimizing negative impacts on persistence‐related responses.

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“…Apparently, 2.24 Mg broiler litter/ha in 2011 provided sufficient K (∼68 kg K 2 O/ha) for bermudagrass growth requirement, but did not provide cultural control of the disease complex caused by species of Bipolaris , Curvularia , and Exserohilum . In addition to K, broiler litter provides carbon and other nutrients important to bermudagrass growth (4,13,18).…”

Section: Disease Severity Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…], a warm‐season perennial forage, has long been used for hay and pasture by beef and dairy cattle producers in Mississippi. Because bermudagrass is responsive to N and requires comparable amounts of K for optimal growth, its yield potential is highest when N and K availability are balanced (16,18). Broiler litter, a mixture of poultry manure, wasted feed, and bedding materials, has an N‐P 2 O 5 ‐K 2 O fertilizer equivalent of approximately 2.9‐1.5‐3.0 with 19% moisture content (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium Influences Forage Bermudagrass Yield and Fungal Leaf Disease Severity in Mississippi

Read

Pratt

2012

Forage & Grazinglands

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Fungal diseases in bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] and numerous other crops have been associated with K deficiency. This study evaluated how levels of K in potash fertilizer (0‐0‐60) and broiler litter influenced forage yields and severity of disease symptoms caused by a natural complex of fungal pathogens in ‘Tifton 44’ bermudagrass in Mississippi. The relative incidence at different K levels of six species of Bipolaris, Curvularia, and Exserohilum in the complex was also investigated. Disease symptoms were universal and strong in all plots in 2010, but weak and transient in 2011. Forage dry matter (DM) yields increased linearly and significantly (P < 0.05) as K‐fertilizer rate increased from 0 to 167 kg K/ha. Disease severity in whole plots decreased as K levels increased in 2010, and severity of symptoms on individual leaves in 2011 was lower at 167 kg K/ha than 0 kg K/ha. The incidence of individual fungal pathogens on symptomatic leaves in 2010 ranged from 3 to 100% (E. rostratum and B. hawaiiensis were universal pathogens) and levels observed for four variable, non‐universal pathogens did not differ between K‐fertilizer rates. These results indicated that the reduced disease severity observed at the highest K levels was not caused by changes in the incidence of four fungal pathogens within the disease complex.

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Bermudagrass Yield Response to Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization in Northwest Arkansas

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Bermudagrass Forage Yield and Ammonia Volatilization as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization

Bermudagrass Forage Yield and Ammonia Volatilization as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization

Grazing Management Effects on Productivity, Nutritive Value, and Persistence of ‘Tifton 85’ Bermudagrass

Potassium Influences Forage Bermudagrass Yield and Fungal Leaf Disease Severity in Mississippi

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