Bestimmung der resorptionsverfügbaren PCDD/PCDF aus Kieselrot

Rotard, W.; Christmann, W.; Knoth, W; Mailahn, Wolfgang

doi:10.1007/bf02938733

Cited by 50 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The in vitro digestion model introduced by Rotard et al (1995) was used as a starting point for the experimental design of the RIVM in vitro digestion model. Both the Rotard model and the RIVM model are static gastro-intestinal models.…”

Section: Development Of the In Vitro Digestion Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the in vitro digestion model was first developed, freeze dried chicken bile was used as bile component. The reason for using chicken bile was that the model that was used as a starting point for the in vitro digestion model of the RIVM also used chicken bile (Rotard et al, 1995;Oomen et al, 2004b). However, in 1999 the supplier stopped the sale of freeze dried chicken bile.…”

Section: Development Of the In Vitro Digestion Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Can Information on Oral Bioavailability Improve Human Health Risk Assessment for Lead-contaminated Soils? Implementation and Scientific Basis

et al. 2006

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Section: Development Of the In Vitro Digestion Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Of the In Vitro Digestion Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Can Information on Oral Bioavailability Improve Human Health Risk Assessment for Lead-contaminated Soils? Implementation and Scientific Basis

et al. 2006

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“…An in vitro digestion model designed by Rotard et al (1995) was employed in the present study in a modified version described by Oomen et al (2002b). The digestion process was based on transit times for fasting conditions and physiological constituents of children and is schematically presented in Figure 1.…”

Section: Physiologically Based In Vitro Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Speciation in Artificial Human Digestive Fluid

Oomen

Tolls

Sips

et al. 2003

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Abstract. For children, soil ingestion via hand-to-mouth behavior can be a main route of exposure to contaminants such as lead. The ingested lead can be mobilized from the soil and form new species during the digestion process. Speciation is known to affect the availability of metals for transport across biological membranes. In the present study, in vitro digestions were performed with (artificially contaminated) standard soil. Lead speciation was investigated in the artificial human intestinal fluid, i.e., chyme, to gain insight into the lead species and lead fractions that may be available for transport across the intestinal epithelium. To that end, both a lead ion selective electrode (Pb-ISE) and a voltammetric technique (differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry, DPASV) were used. The results indicate that in chyme only a negligible lead fraction is present as free Pb 2ϩ , whereas lead phosphate and lead bile complexes are important fractions. The lead phosphate complexes appear to be voltammetrically labile, i.e., in dynamic equilibrium with Pb 2ϩ . Labile complexes can dissociate and the produced metal ions can subsequently be transported across the intestinal epithelium. Lead bile complexes may behave in a similar manner, or this organometal complex may be able to traverse the intestinal membrane. Therefore, substantially more than only the free metal ion should be considered available for transport across the intestinal epithelium.

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“…2 The hydrolysis of poly(propylene adipate) (PPA) and poly(butylene adipate) (PBA; Scheme 1) in digestive fluids in vitro was studied. 3 Based on the very low yield in adipic acid (one of the comonomers) formed, the authors concluded that PPA and PBA did not hydrolyze significantly in digestive fluid simulants. 3 However, it can be envisioned that hydrolysis does occur but without yielding adipic acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…If migration is shown to be lower than 5 mg/kg of food in worst case situations and if the substance is not mutagenic, a reduced compendium of toxicological information is required. 3. If the substance hydrolyzes in digestive fluids, the toxicological information available on hydrolysis products may be taken into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety assessment of polymeric additives for food packaging: Hydrolysis of polymeric plasticizers by digestive fluids

Hamdani¹,

Thil

Gans

et al. 2001

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The in vitro hydrolysis of poly(1,2-propylene adipate) by digestive fluid liquids was studied to assess the safety of polymeric plasticizers that could migrate into food. A high extent of hydrolysis was obtained with freshly prepared intestinal fluid solutions. High performance size exclusion chromatography analysis indicated that the bulk plasticizer completely disappeared and that low molecular weight oligomers were formed within 4 h. Hydrolysis did not result in a significant conversion to the free monomers, like adipic acid, as was shown by gas-phase chromatography. Measurements by NMR indicated that the cleavage selectively occurred at primary ester linkages. Fractionation of the hydrolysis products on silica gel gave six oligomeric fractions, which were recovered and analyzed. The absolute molecular weight of the plasticizers and the average molecular weight of the hydrolysis products were evaluated using proton NMR. Hydrolysis did not take place (Ͻ2%) under simulated gastric and saliva conditions.

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Bestimmung der resorptionsverfügbaren PCDD/PCDF aus Kieselrot

Cited by 50 publications

References 1 publication

How Can Information on Oral Bioavailability Improve Human Health Risk Assessment for Lead-contaminated Soils? Implementation and Scientific Basis

How Can Information on Oral Bioavailability Improve Human Health Risk Assessment for Lead-contaminated Soils? Implementation and Scientific Basis

Lead Speciation in Artificial Human Digestive Fluid

Safety assessment of polymeric additives for food packaging: Hydrolysis of polymeric plasticizers by digestive fluids

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