Beta-1,3-Glucanase Activities in Wheat and Relative Species

Abstract

The (1,3)-β-D-glucan also referred to as callose is a main component of cell walls of higher plants. Many physiological processes are associated with the changes in callose deposition. Callose is synthesised by the callose synthase complex while its degradation is regulated by the hydrolytic enzymes β-1,3-glucanases. The latter one specifically degrade (1,3)-β-D-glucans. This work is aimed to study β-1,3-glucanase activities in the leaves of plants at two leaf stage in two diploids (Agilops tauschii, Triticum monococcum L.), four tetraploids (Ae. cylindrica, Ae. triuncialis, T. araraticum, T. dicoccum) and two hexaploids (T. aestivum L, T. spelta L.). The leaves were subjected to qualitative and quantitative β-1,3-glucanase activity assays. Our results showed that the total β-1,3-glucanase activities were variable and genotype dependent. No significant correlation between β-1,3-glucanase activities and ploidy level was observed. The gel activity assays revealed a single fraction of ~52 kDa Glu1 that was found in all genotypes. The Glu1 fraction corresponds to a single or two acidic Glu isoforms in dependence on genotype. However, none of the acidic Glu fractions can be assigned as a specific for di-, tetra- or hexaploid genotypes. A single basic GluF isoform was detected and found as present in all genotypes.

Genome-wide Association Study for Starch Pasting Properties in Chinese Spring Wheat

“…Furthermore, GENE-4428_113, BobWhite_c13098_670, IAAV4275 and Kukri_rep_c69088_774 had effects on both PV and TV, and Excalibur_c9183_1397 had effect on both PV and BD; these SNPs were all mapped in the CDS of annotation genes, which may be key candidate genes that participate in regulating wheat starch quality. Excalibur_c9183_1397 was located in the CDS region of TraesCS7D02G026700 encoding 1,3-beta-glucan synthase that is present mainly in the cell walls of starchy endosperm (Moravčíková et al, 2016). Other candidate genes that were not reported in previous research need to be paid more attention for study in the future.…”

Tissue-Specific Responses in Soybean Plants Exposed to Cadmium

“…The number and activity of β-1,3-glucanase isoforms in individual plant parts depends on many factors, mainly on plant species, cultivar, sensitivity, developmental stage as well as the type, concentration and duration of exposition to the toxic metals and multifunctional character of individual isoforms in plant tissues (Piršelová et al, 2011;Bardáčová et al, 2016). Variability in β-1,3-glucanase activity may be related to plant diversification due to domestication, natural hybridization, and allopolyploidy (Moravčíková et al, 2016). A higher number of β-1,3-glucanase isoforms in the later developmental stages of plants may be related to reversible callose deposition and growth degradation (Gregorová et al, 2015;Moravčíková et al, 2016).…”

“…Variability in β-1,3-glucanase activity may be related to plant diversification due to domestication, natural hybridization, and allopolyploidy (Moravčíková et al, 2016). A higher number of β-1,3-glucanase isoforms in the later developmental stages of plants may be related to reversible callose deposition and growth degradation (Gregorová et al, 2015;Moravčíková et al, 2016).…”

Activity and Component Composition of Defense Proteins in Grain and Seedlings of Wheat, Barley and Oats

“…В этой связи представляет интерес исследование внутривидовых и сортовых особенностей изоферментов β-1,3-глюканазы и хитиназы. В этом направлении уже проведены работы на пшенице и тритикале, где были найдены коррелятивные связи между отдельными изоформами и плоидностью [40,41].…”