Beta Blockers in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disorders

Arnold, L. Eugene; Aman, Michael G.

doi:10.1089/cap.1991.1.361

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Ruedrich et al (1990), independently reviewing 9 studies of beta blockers in the treatment of aggressivity in the mental retardation (MR) population, found an improvement rate of 83%. Reviewing 11 studies that reported data on the effects of beta blockers in samples that contained at least one-third of persons with MR and developmental delay, Arnold and Aman (1991) found an overall response rate of 78% and a response rate of 81% specifically in patients with MR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These doses are in the range advocated for children (10-120 mg/day propranolol) and adolescents (20-300 mg/day propranolol) by Coffey (1990), and in the developmentally delayed by Arnold and Aman (1991). Elliott's (1977) initial study of the efficacy of beta blockers reported on neurologically compromised patients with brain damage and episodic dyscontrol.…”

Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of beta blockers to treat aggression and self-injurious behavior (SIB) in the developmentally delayed and mentally retarded population has also been recently reviewed (Ruedrich et al 1990, Arnold and Aman 1991). These authors have consistently found high improvement rates when this methodologically uncontrolled literature has been examined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An open case report literature has developed describing the use of beta blockers to treat aggression and SIB in pédiatrie psychiatry and developmentally delayed patients. Although Arnold and Aman (1991) note, in their review of beta-blocking agents in adult and pédiatrie mental retardation, that the few studies of beta blockers in the developmentally delayed population are too limited to draw empirical distinctions between adult and child treatment, these studies are being used to guide practice and a summary ofthat experience may be helpful in treatment planning for aggressive youth in developmentally delayed and psychiatric treatment settings. Finally, clinical and research questions relevant to beta-blocker treatment of aggression that can be addressed in future studies will be discussed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beta Blockers for Aggression: A Review of the Pediatrie Experience

Connor¹

1993

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

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beta-Adrenergic blocking agents have been used successfully to treat intractable aggression in adult psychiatric patients. A review of the adult literature and a summary of the pediatrie treatment experience are presented. There are no double-blind placebo-controlled studies in child or adolescent psychiatric patients. Open studies have reported high improvement rates (75-85%), but actual improvement rates may be lower than the generally uncontrolled reports in the literature suggest to date. Future controlled studies should take advantage of statistical methods that allow determination of meaningful changes within subjects in addition to the more typically analyzed changes within groups. Though these medications may be effective as adjunctive treatments in a multidisciplinary approach to aggression, beta blockers cannot at present be considered to be indicated in the treatment of any child or adolescent psychiatric disorder. There is not enough available information to know whether aggression that is associated with any specific psychiatric diagnosis is predictive of response to beta blockers in children or adolescents, and no other predictors of treatment response have been consistently identified. Judging from the experience in adults, treatment duration may be more important than dose level in attaining a therapeutic response with beta blockers. Empirical clinical and research trials of beta blockers for psychiatric symptoms or disorders should probably be run for a minimum of 12 weeks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beta Blockers for Aggression: A Review of the Pediatrie Experience

Connor¹

1993

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

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“…We often hear that patients with developmental disabilities are more sensitive to psychotropic drugs, and the present data support this. In a review of beta blockers used as psychotropic drugs in patients with developmental disabilities, Arnold andAman [1990/1991] noted that beta blockers also were given in low doses. The findings for fluvoxamine were not consistent, however, although this may be merely an aberration.…”

Section: Ssrismentioning

confidence: 99%