Beta‐Glucans and Mannan Oligosaccharides Enhance Growth and Immunity in Nile Tilapia

Abstract

We studied the effects of a combination of dietary beta‐glucans (β‐G) and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Three‐hundred‐sixty fingerlings (mean mass ± SD = 8.7 ± 0.4 g) were separated into three groups (G1, G2, and G3) of 120 fish; G1 (control group) was fed a basal diet, whereas G2 and G3 were fed prebiotic‐supplemented diets at final levels of 1.5 and 3.0 g/kg feed, respectively. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups: subgroup A was fed for 60 d to evaluate growth performance, nutrient utilization, intestinal morphometry, and body composition; and subgroup B was fed for 30 d to evaluate immune status and disease resistance. The best growth and feed utilization were observed in G3. There was no significant difference in final body weight or weight gain between G2 and G1 after 30 d, whereas both variables were significantly higher in G2 than in G1 after 60 d. At the end of the feeding period, G2 had a better feed conversion ratio than G1. Villus height, number of goblet cells, and number of intraepithelial lymphocytes were greatest in G3, followed by G2 and then G1. Whole‐body protein content and fat content were higher in G3 than in G2 and G1. Only G3 had significantly higher serum total protein, albumin, and globulin than G1. Serum killing percentage and phagocytic activity were significantly higher in G3 than in G1 and G2, whereas serum lysozyme activity was significantly higher in G3 and G2 than in G1. The nitric oxide assay indicated a significant effect in G3 compared with G1 after 30 d. Fish that were fed the prebiotic mixture had better relative percent survival than G1 fish after challenge with Yersinia ruckeri. Dietary supplementation with β‐G and MOS in combination improves the performance of Nile Tilapia.

Improvement of immunity and disease resistance in the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, by dietary supplementation with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

“…Additional factors, including colonization in the gut, attachment site, viability, stress factors and experimental and environmental conditions, might affect probiotic mechanisms [101e103]. In our previous study, the use of a combination of dietary beta-glucans (b-G) and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) resulted in better performance in terms of growth rate, intestinal morphology, immune response and disease resistance, than the use of B. amyloliquefaciens tilapia under the same circumstances [23,104]. Similarly, Ngamkala et al [105] reported that glucan elicited better immunostimulation and resistance against A. hydrophila in tilapia than the probiotic L. rhamnosus.…”

Effects of dietary baker’s yeast extract on the growth, blood indices and histology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticusL.) fingerlings

“…Supplemented diets with 0.1% β‐glucan improved Nile tilapia weight gain (Welker, Lim, Yildirim‐Aksoy, & Klesius, ). Diets containing β‐glucan and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) have also previously been found to improve the growth performance of Nile tilapia and beluga, Huso huso (Selim & Reda, ; Ta'ati, Soltani, Bahmani, & Zamini, ). In our experiment, feed intake increased significantly with increasing levels of S. cerevisiae extract in the diet.…”

Dietary Yeast Cell Wall Extract Alters the Proteome of the Skin Mucous Barrier in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar): Increased Abundance and Expression of a Calreticulin-Like Protein

“…In the context of this study, it is particularly interesting that calreticulin is directly involved in the synthesis of mucins [53], the main macromolecule of mucus. Yeast-derived prebiotic dietary supplements have been linked to an increase in mucus layer thickness [54] and goblet cell number [5,25] in the gut. Furthermore, mucin 5B was up-regulated by three-fold in the skin mRNA of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed a β-glucan, a type of YCW extract [55].…”