Between defence autarky and dependency: the dynamics of Turkish defence industrialization

Kurç, Çağlar

doi:10.1080/14702436.2017.1350107

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In Chile, by contrast, reform failure, in postponing key decisions about the composition of defense industrial governance structures, must have also delayed choices about creating new institutions to advance the sector. As in Turkey, where, as Kurç (2017) shows, civil−military rivalry prevented the country from reaching its desired goal of defense autarky, the result of these institutional deficiencies was a less dynamic defense industry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defense Sector Politics

Grimes¹

2021

St Comp Int Dev

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Ownership and control of defense industrial firms affords the military power, autonomy, and a claim to economic rents. Why do some countries succeed at shifting some or all such firms from military to civilian ownership and control, while others do not? I argue that differing configurations of relative civilian and military coalitional and institutional strength contribute to outcomes. Civilian and military must find party and executive-branch allies who can compete for them to craft or defeat legislation affecting their interests, but coalition building alone is insufficient. Actors must also cultivate executive bureaucratic institutions able to design and implement policies promoting their interests. How coalitions and institutions form, ossify, or fail to develop is assessed through a comparative study of Chile, Argentina (1983–1989), and Argentina (1989–1997).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defense Sector Politics

Grimes¹

2021

St Comp Int Dev

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“…A different scenario is that of the Turkish defense industries, which have significantly improved their production capacity since 1980, reaching a production level of 54% in 2011 and expecting to reach the defense industrial autarky in 2023 (Kurç 2017). However, Kurç (2017) also states that the Turkish defense industry remains inefficient due to weak institutions and civil-military rivalry. Although foreign partnerships have accelerated the development of defense companies, they continue to suffer from weak investments in research and development.…”

Section: Qualitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Politics, Power, and Influence: Defense Industries in the Post-Cold War

Reis

2021

Social Sciences

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The post-Cold War era is placing the defense industry at a crossroads. If, on the one hand, it is under great pressure to guarantee warlike efforts around the world, with tight budgets and uncertain lead-times, on the other hand, it is seen as a central instrument for national sovereignty and foreign policy. The purpose of this research is to report the state-of-the-art of the existing literature and explore the most relevant research areas in order to provide the conceptual basis for further empirical research. To do so, this study uses a preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA), which is an adequate technique as it allows one to discover concepts, ideas, and debates about the defense industry. The results evidenced three different approaches to the defense industry—integration, autarky, and domination. In that regard, we present several case studies in which the defense industry is used as an instrument of foreign policy or national sovereignty. Future studies may focus on empirical research to validate the theoretical findings or to identify variables that lead some defense industries to seek synergies, resorting to mergers and acquisitions, while other defense companies prefer to obtain State funds.

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“…This lack of change within the General Staff caused resentment among junior officers whose upward mobility was restricted. After Çakmak’s forced retirement in 1944, civilian control over the armed forces increased further, thanks to an organizational restructuring (Kurç, 2017, p. 262). In a symbolic move, the Chief of the General Staff became responsible to the Prime Ministry and 5 years later to the Defense Ministry (Harris, 1965, p. 63).…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to terminate the organic ties between the political and military leadership, the DP government retired 16 generals and 150 colonels following rumors that senior commanders pledged their allegiance to İnönü on election night (Hale, 2011, p. 199). These changes came against the backdrop of Turkey’s entry into North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which made the military’s structural problems—such as outdated equipment, inadequate resources, and conservative leadership—more apparent (Kurç, 2017). NATO membership created new career opportunities for junior and field officers who spoke English and were trained in modern warfare.…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Praetorian Army in Action: A Critical Assessment of Civil–Military Relations in Turkey

Esen

2020

Armed Forces & Society

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With four successful and three failed coups in less than 60 years, the Turkish military is one of the most interventionist armed forces in the global south. Despite this record, few scholars have analyzed systematically how the military’s political role changed over time. To address this gap, this article examines the evolution of civil–military relations (CMR) in Turkey throughout the 1960s and 1970s. Based on a historical analysis, this article offers a revisionist account for the extant Turkish scholarship and also contributes to the broader literature on CMR. It argues that the military’s guardian status was not clearly defined and that the officer corps differed strongly on major political issues throughout the Cold War. This article also demonstrates that the officer corps was divided into opposite ideological factions and political agendas and enjoyed varying levels of political influence due to frequent purges and conjectural changes.

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Between defence autarky and dependency: the dynamics of Turkish defence industrialization

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Defense Sector Politics

Defense Sector Politics

Politics, Power, and Influence: Defense Industries in the Post-Cold War

Praetorian Army in Action: A Critical Assessment of Civil–Military Relations in Turkey

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