Beyond Correlates: A Review of Risk and Protective Factors for Adolescent Dating Violence Perpetration

Abstract

Dating violence is a serious public health problem. In recent years, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other entities have made funding available to community based agencies for dating violence prevention. Practitioners who are tasked with developing dating violence prevention strategies should pay particular attention to risk and protective factors for dating violence perpetration that have been established in longitudinal studies. This has been challenging to date because the scientific literature on the etiology of dating violence is somewhat limited, and because there have been no comprehensive reviews of the literature that clearly distinguish correlates of dating violence perpetration from risk or protective factors that have been established through longitudinal research. This is problematic because prevention programs may then target factors that are merely correlated with dating violence perpetration, and have no causal influence, which could potentially limit the effectiveness of the programs. In this article, we review the literature on risk and protective factors for adolescent dating violence perpetration and highlight those factors for which temporal precedence has been established by one or more studies. This review is intended as a guide for researchers and practitioners as they formulate prevention programs. We reviewed articles published between 2000–2010 that reported on adolescent dating violence perpetration using samples from the United States or Canada. In total, 53 risk factors and six protective factors were identified from 20 studies. Next steps for etiological research in adolescent dating violence are discussed, as well as future directions for prevention program developers.

Diferencias por sexo y variables asociadas con las agresiones sexuales en el noviazgo en universitarios Colombianos

“…Los datos obtenidos muestran una prevalencia alta de agresiones sexuales ejercidas por los participantes, especialmente por los varones, quienes informaron en un mayor porcentaje cuatro de las seis formas de agresión sexual bajo estudio, lo cual es coherente con estudios previos que indican que estos ejercen más frecuentemente agresiones sexuales en el noviazgo que las mujeres (Vagi et al, 2013;Muñoz-Rivas et al, 2009;Sears et al, 2007).…”

“…Se considera que el atestiguamiento de violencia entre los propios padres normaliza y legitima su utilización con la propia pareja en la adolescencia y la adultez (Delsol & Margolin, 2004;Lichter & McCloskey, 2004;McMillan & Wathen, 2014), planteamiento que se soporta en los resultados de varios estudios que han encontrado una asociación positiva entre la observación de violencia en la familia de origen y las agresiones en el noviazgo (Vagi et al, 2013;Foshee, Bauman & Linder, 1999;Gagné, Lavoie & Hébert, 2005;Kinsfogel & Grych, 2004;Rey-Anacona, 2015;Rich, Gidycz, Warkentin, Lohc & Weiland, 2005).…”

“…Los malos tratos en el noviazgo se han relacionado con actitudes a favor de la violencia (Vagi et al, 2013;Sears et al, 2007), revelándose como una variable mediadora entre la observación de violencia y su ejecución hacia la pareja en la adolescencia y en el matrimonio (Foshee et al, 1999;Lichter & McCloskey, 2004). Por lo tanto, la aceptación de la violencia en el matrimonio podría predecir las agresiones sexuales en el noviazgo y constituir un objetivo de prevención de su ocurrencia en la vida marital.…”

Adolescent Relationship Violence in Brazil and Honduras

“…These include a lack of poor behavioral control/ impulsiveness; psychological/mental health problems (Vagi et al, 2013); antisocial personality; and the belief that violence is justified or tolerable (Lundgren and Amin, 2015).…”

Desenvolvimento de um website para prevenção à violência no namoro, abandono de relações íntimas abusivas e apoio aos pares

“…Em uma revisão de literatura recente, Vagi et al (2013) identificaram 20 estudos que apresentavam 53 fatores de risco (19 estudos) e seis fatores de proteção (três estudos) para a perpetração da violência no namoro. Os fatores de risco foram relativos a problemas de saúde mental (por exemplo, depressão e ansiedade), atitudes (por exemplo, aceitação da violência nas relações amorosas e tolerân-cia à agressão em geral), comportamento violento (por exemplo, brigas e comportamento antissocial generalizado), uso de substâncias (por exemplo, uso de álcool e maconha), comportamento sexual de risco (por exemplo, início precoce da vida sexual e alto nú-mero de parceiros sexuais), baixa qualidade de amizades e relacionamentos (por exemplo, envolvimento com pares antissociais e interações hostis com o parceiro), relacionamento familiar empobrecido (por exemplo, comunicação familiar aversiva e exposição a maustratos na infância e à violência interparental) e exposição à mídia agressiva.…”