Beyond Metabolism: The Complex Interplay Between Dietary Phytoestrogens, Gut Bacteria, and Cells of Nervous and Immune Systems

Cady, Nicole; Peterson, Stephanie R; Freedman, Samantha N.; Mangalam, Ashutosh K.

doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00150

Cited by 41 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 174 publications

(187 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, Shin JH [ 23 ] reported that the abundance of Dorea correlated significantly with the level of testosterone in males, a finding consistent with the results of our study. As known that the two bacteria Parabacteroides and Adlercreutzia could metabolize phytoestrogens with generation of secondary molecules such as secoisolariciresinol, enterolactone, and equol [ 24 ], we speculate that the two bacteria might be affected by sex hormones. The association between these bacteria and androgen warrants further investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Gut microbiota: effect of pubertal status

et al. 2020

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Background The make-up of gut microbiota at different puberty stages has not been reported. This cross-sectional study analyzed the bio-diversity of gut microbiota at different puberty stages. Result The subjects (aged 5–15 years) were divided into non-pubertal (n = 42, male%: 66.7%) or pubertal groups (n = 47, male%:44.68); in both groups, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phylum. There was no difference of alpha- and beta-diversity among disparate puberty stages. Non-pubertal subjects had members of the order Clostridiales, family Clostridiaceae, genus Coprobacillus which were significantly more prevalent than puberty subjects. Also, the pubertal subjects had members of class Betaproteobacteria, order Burkholderiales which were significantly more prevalent than the non-pubertal subjects. Their relative abundance was independent of BMI-Z. In the pubertal subjects, the abundance of genus Adlercreutzia, Ruminococcus, Dorea, Clostridium and Parabacteroides was associated with the level of testosterone. Conclusions This is the first report of the diversity of gut microbiota at different puberty stages. The various species of gut microbiota changed gradually associated with puberty stages. Differences in gut microflora at different pubertal status may be related to androgen levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Gut microbiota: effect of pubertal status

et al. 2020

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“…Although relatively little is known about the genera Adlercreutzia , it has been shown in pubertal human subjects to be positively associated with testosterone [ 61 ]. Adlercreutzia have also been shown to metabolize phytoestrogens [ 62 ] and it is therefore possible that this bacteria could be affected by sex hormones, although this warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternal Methyl Donor Supplementation in Rats Improves Fertility, Physiological Outcomes, Gut Microbial Signatures and Epigenetic Markers Altered by High Fat/High Sucrose Diet

Chleilat

Schick

Deleemans

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Increased consumption of high fat/sucrose (HF/S) diets has contributed to rising rates of obesity and its co-morbidities globally, while also negatively impacting male reproductive health. Our objective was to examine whether adding a methyl donor cocktail to paternal HF/S diet (HF/S+M) improves health status in fathers and offspring. From 3–12 weeks of age, male Sprague Dawley rats consumed a HF/S or HF/S+M diet. Offspring were followed until 16 weeks of age. Body composition, metabolic markers, gut microbiota, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and microRNA expression were measured in fathers and offspring. Compared to HF/S, paternal HF/S+M diet reduced fat mass in offspring (p < 0.005). HF/S+M fathers consumed 16% fewer kcal/day, which persisted in HF/S+M female offspring and was explained in part by changes in serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) levels. Compared to HF/S, HF/S+M fathers had a 33% improvement in days until conception and 300% fewer stillbirths. In fathers, adipose tissue DNMT3a and hepatic miR-34a expression were reduced with HF/S+M. Adult male offspring showed upregulated miR-24, -33, -122a and -143 expression while females exhibited downregulated miR-33 expression. Fathers and offspring presented differences in gut microbial signatures. Supplementing a paternal HF/S diet with methyl-donors improved fertility, physiological outcomes, epigenetic and gut microbial signatures intergenerationally.

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“…[ 14 ] Among all phytoestrogens, isoflavones, as nutritional dietary supplements, exert the greatest advantage because of its abundance in food sources and their potential benefits to alleviate menopausal symptoms, improve postmenopausal bone health, and reduce cancer risk. [ 13,15 ] Glabrene is an isoflavonoid occurring in the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) and exhibits more potent estrogenic effects on breast, vascular, and bone tissue, and hence can be classified as a phytoestrogen. [ 16–18 ] Up till now, the protective effect of glabrene against osteoporosis, however, still remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phytoestrogen glabrene prevents osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats through upregulation of the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway

Li¹,

Deng²,

Liang³

et al. 2020

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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This study systematically investigated the effects of phytoestrogen glabrene on postmenopausal osteoporosis in an ovariectomy (OVX) rat model. Glabrene administration (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) for 13 weeks can significantly slow down the body weight gain and slightly increase the uterus weight of OVX rats. The increased levels of U‐Ca, U‐P levels, urine DPD/creatinine, serum ALP, OCN, triglycerides, and total cholesterol induced by OVX were dramatically inhibited in rats, whereas no difference occurred for S‐Ca and S‐P in all groups. Furthermore, glabrene can enhance bone mineral density of the right femur, fourth‐lumbar vertebra and tibia and improve biomechanical parameters, such as femoral neck loading force, three‐point bending of the tibia, and vertebral compression in OVX rats. Moreover, glabrene greatly suppressed the expression of TRAP protein but increased OPG and BGP protein expression in tibia tissue of OVX rats. In addition, OVX‐induced reduction of Lrp‐5, β‐catenin, Runx2, and Osx protein expression was all restored by glabrene treatment. The present study indicated that glabrene might be a potential alternative medicine for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis via activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.

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Beyond Metabolism: The Complex Interplay Between Dietary Phytoestrogens, Gut Bacteria, and Cells of Nervous and Immune Systems

Cited by 41 publications

References 174 publications

Gut microbiota: effect of pubertal status

Gut microbiota: effect of pubertal status

Paternal Methyl Donor Supplementation in Rats Improves Fertility, Physiological Outcomes, Gut Microbial Signatures and Epigenetic Markers Altered by High Fat/High Sucrose Diet

The phytoestrogen glabrene prevents osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats through upregulation of the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway

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