Beyond Mitigation: Potential Options For Counter-Balancing The Climatic And Environmental Consequences Of The Rising Concentrations Of Greenhouse Gases

Abstract

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

Regulating the damaged thermostat of the cities—Status, impacts and mitigation challenges

“…Lower absorption of solar radiation and increased infrared emission keep the surface temperature of the materials, low and decrease substantially the released sensible heat to the atmosphere. Reflective materials applied to the roof of buildings are white and may be single ply or liquids [146]. Typical single ply products are EPDM, (Ethylene Propylenediene Tetrolymer Membrane), CPE, (Chlorinated Polyethylene), PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), TPO, (Thermoplastic Polyolefin), and CPSE, (Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene) [146].…”

“…Reflective materials applied to the roof of buildings are white and may be single ply or liquids [146]. Typical single ply products are EPDM, (Ethylene Propylenediene Tetrolymer Membrane), CPE, (Chlorinated Polyethylene), PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), TPO, (Thermoplastic Polyolefin), and CPSE, (Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene) [146]. Liquid products are usually white paints, elastomeric, acrylic or polyurethane coatings.…”

Using Twentieth-Century U.S. Weather Modification Policy to Gain Insight into Global Climate Remediation Governance Issues

“…While SRM has the potential to offer a fast-acting, affordable option in a climate emergency, the implications of using SRM will merit careful consideration before implementation (Crutzen 2006;Wigley 2006;Shepherd et al 2009;Victor et al 2009;ASOC 2010;Blackstock and Long 2010;MacCracken 2010;SRMGI 2011; Task Force on Climate Remediation Research 2011). Because of the complexity of the atmospheric system, use of some SRM techniques may result in both benefits and adverse effects; these would vary based on the technique employed.…”

“…Geoengineering refers to the deliberate manipulation of the earth's climate system to reduce the effects of human-made climate change (Keith 2000;Cicerone 2006;Crutzen 2006;MacCracken 2006;Schneider 2008). Geoengineering methods are typically categorized as either carbon dioxide removal (CDR) or solar radiation management (SRM) techniques.…”

Averting Catastrophes: The Strange Economics of Scylla and Charybdis

“…That is why some argue that the best way to avert a climate catastrophe is to invest now in geoengineering technologies that could be used to reverse the temperature increases. See, e.g.,Barrett (2008Barrett ( , 2009,Kousky et al (2009), andMacCracken (2009).…”