“…Along with the theory evolution, researchers have empirically identified various motivations, mainly falling into three categories: individual factors, career pursuit (or good jobs), and well-being [ 11 , 30 , 31 ]. Among individual-level studies, age, gender, marriage, children, household, etc., have been carefully tested by microeconomic data [ 11 , 32 ]. As for socio-economic context, employment status and income have been recognized as fundamental variables in motivation research [ 31 , 33 ].…”