This article engages with the philosophical reflections of the French historian of
science Hélène Metzger (1886–1944) in order to develop a vocabulary for understanding the
rise of non-reductive Continental naturalism in the contemporary humanities. The
bibliography of current naturalist approaches in the arts and the human sciences is still
in the making, but it is altogether clear that the trend is not scientist or historicist
or relativist. This epistemological diagnosis refers us to Metzger, who found herself
surrounded with the logical positivism of the Wiener Kreis, on the one hand, and the
historicism of her French colleagues, on the other, as well as with the infiltration of
the history of science by a chronological empiricism. In this article I will take the most
recent book of Vicki Kirby – Quantum Anthropologies: Life at Large from
2011 – as an exemplary case of non-reductive Continental naturalist scholarship in the
humanities today and by reading it through the concepts of Metzger, I will demonstrate how
this type of research leads to refreshing insights in what constitutes positive humanities
knowledge and what is the role of the a priori in the field.