“…Although we will consider primarily the above five criteria, the family also includes information criteria for which the penalty terms are random variables, e.g., the modified AIC (MAIC) proposed by Fujikoshi and Satoh (1997), Takeuchi's information criterion (TIC) proposed by Takeuchi (1976), the extended information criterion (EIC) proposed by Ishiguro et al (1997), the cross-validation (CV) criterion proposed by Stone (1974Stone ( , 1977, and other bias-corrected AICs, such as those proposed by Fujikoshi et al (2005), Yanagihara (2006), and Yanagihara et al (2011) (for the details of those criteria, see Yanagihara et al (2013)). The best subset of ω, which is chosen by minimizing IC m (j), is written aŝ…”