“…After the initial studies carried out on Si(111)√3 × √3R30°-Bi interface [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ] to date [ 28 , 45 , 46 ], great effort has been made both from a theoretical and an experimental point of view to understand the atomic arrangement of Bi atoms [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. For α-phase Bi (1/3 ML coverage), several models have been proposed: T 4 and H 3 models have a threefold coordination with Si atoms from the first layer up to the second and fourth substrate layers.…”