Bifidobacterium eulemuris sp. nov., isolated from faeces of black lemurs (Eulemur macaco)

Abstract

Forty-three strains of bifidobacteria were isolated from the faeces of two adult black lemurs, Eulemur macaco. Thirty-four were identified as Bifidobacterium lemurum, recently described in Lemur catta. The nine remaining isolates were Gram-positive-staining, non-spore-forming, fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase-positive, microaerophilic, irregular rod-shaped bacteria that often presented Y-or V-shaped cells. Typing techniques revealed that these isolates were nearly identical, and strain LMM_E3T was chosen as a representative and characterized further. T showed a peptidoglycan structure that has not been detected in bifidobacteria so far:Based on the phylogenetic, genotypic and phenotypic data, strain LMM_E3 T represents a novel species within the genus Bifidobacterium, for which the name Bifidobacterium eulemuris sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is LMM_E3 T

Tracking the Taxonomy of the Genus Bifidobacterium Based on a Phylogenomic Approach

“…Bifidobacteria are widespread inhabitants of the mammalian, avian, and insect intestinal tracts (11,13,14,62), yet a large part of the currently recognized bifidobacterial taxa, i.e., 49 species and 9 subspecies, has been isolated from the human gut (15,16). Nonetheless, various ecological attempts have recently been made to survey bifidobacterial populations in other mammals (10,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21), which has resulted in the identification of several scientifically accepted and putative novel bifidobacterial species.…”

“…The majority of the currently proposed novel (bifido)bacterial taxa are identified through partial sequencing of several molecular marker genes and comparison to the currently recognized type strains (19)(20)(21). In the current study, we describe a methodology that is based on whole-genome comparisons and is aimed at unambiguously redefining the taxonomy of members of the genus Bifidobacterium.…”

Bifidobacterium aerophilum sp. nov., Bifidobacterium avesanii sp. nov. and Bifidobacterium ramosum sp. nov.: Three novel taxa from the faeces of cotton-top tamarin ( Saguinus oedipus L.)

“…All the reactions were performed according to Michelini et al [24]. The 16S rRNA, hsp60, rpoB, dnaG, 142 dnaJ, and clpC partial gene sequences were amplified, purified and directly sequenced by Eurofins MWG 143…”

Characterization of the phylogenetic diversity of two novel species belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium: Bifidobacterium cebidarum sp. nov. and Bifidobacterium leontopitheci sp. nov.

“…Members of the Bifidobacterium genus represent Gram-positive, anaerobic, non-spore forming and non-motile bacteria. So far, 77 taxa, representing 70 species and seven subspecies, have been classified as members of the genus Bifidobacterium [4–16] and they have been isolated from six different ecological niches, including the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) of humans, (other) animals and insects, the oral cavity, human blood and sewage [17–19]. Recently, three novel bifidobacterial taxa has been described, i.e., Bifidobacterium aemilianum , Bifidobacterium jacchi and Bifidobacterium xylocopae , reaching the total number of 80 bifidobacterial taxa belonging to this genus [20, 21].…”