“…Big data is a combination of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data collected by organizations from many sources that contain greater variety, arriving in increasing volumes and with more velocity (Demir et al, 2022). Big data, which is an important influencer of decision-making by effectively and efficiently aligning consumer preferences and product features (Johnson et al, 2017) is larger and more complex datasets coming from new sources (Ghasemaghaei and Calic, 2020), characterized by the 5 Vs: velocity, volume, value, variety, and veracity (Talwar et al, 2021).…”