Big Questions of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Public Administration and Policy

Abstract

Technological advancements have created notable turning points throughout the history of humanity. Influential transformations in the administrative structures are the result of modern technological discoveries. The artificial intelligence (AI) ecosystems and algorithms now affect daily lives, communities, and government structures more than ever. Governments are the main coordinators of technological transition and supervisors of the activities of modern public administration systems. Hence, public administration and policies have crucial responsibilities in integrating, governing, and regulating AI technology. Integrating AI into public administration and the policy-making process allows numerous opportunities. However, AI technology also contains many threats and risks in economic, social, and even political structures in the long term. This article concentrates on the big questions of AI in the public administration and policy literature. The big questions discussion started in 1995 by Robert Behn drawing attention to the big questions as the primary driving force of a public administration research agenda. The fundamental motivation of the big questions approach is shaped by the fact that "questions are as important as answers." This article aims to identify big questions and discuss potential answers and solutions from an AI governance research agenda perspective.

Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: Dialectics of Artificial Intelligence Policy for Humanity

“…If looked at more deeply, the breakthroughs that emerge from the development of Artificial Intelligence are capable of bringing humans to encourage reform movements and even the destruction of humanity [17]. Related to this, it can be seen that Artificial Intelligence does have a positive impact on the progress of human life.…”

“…This kind of phenomenon ultimately shows that the presence of technology will give rise to its own ecosystem. Where the ecosystem is able to influence daily life, communities, and even government [17].…”

“…One of them is through ethics that can be applied in the use of technology. This is important considering that Hawkins once argued that Artificial Intelligence technology could be a technology that provides both the best and worst benefits in human life [17]. This condition then creates new challenges for professional workers, academics, regulators and policy makers (government) [19].…”

A Sociopolitical Assessment of Technology Development in Istanbul, Turkey

“…For example, Twitter trolls and Facebook postings contribute to shaping public opinions and voting thereby influencing political decision-making (Kreiss & McGregor, 2018). Another aspect of technology can be a digital divide which is an unequal access of different demographic groups to this technology in society (Koramaz, et al, 2019;Uzun, 2021). This gap is a new form of social inequality whereby access to computers and connectivity differs among demographics (Koramaz et al, 2019;Uzun, 2021).…”

“…Another aspect of technology can be a digital divide which is an unequal access of different demographic groups to this technology in society (Koramaz, et al, 2019;Uzun, 2021). This gap is a new form of social inequality whereby access to computers and connectivity differs among demographics (Koramaz et al, 2019;Uzun, 2021). Besides, the advent of artificial intelligence has allowed businesses to take control of public data and it creates a system of digital divide, producing more concerns (Abboud, et al, 2020).…”