Bilateral cavo-ilio-femoral thrombosis in an adolescent with transient anti-phospholipid antibodies and Factor V heterozygous mutation: a case report

Frontino, Giulio; Passoni, Arianna; Piscopo, Maria Antonietta; Grechi, Elena; Cammarata, Bruna; Pozzobon, Gabriella

doi:10.4076/1757-1626-2-6830

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…VZV infection-induced protein S deficiency is reported in the literature to occur by inducing the production of anti-protein S [ 26 ]. Furthermore, transient and persistent emergence of the antiphospholipid antibodies were also reported in a few patients with VZV to induce arterial and/ or venous thrombosis [ 27 , 28 ]. Our patient had transient positive anticardiolipin and lupus anticoagulant, which could have caused the thrombosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Headache and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Due to Varicella Zoster Virus Infection: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

et al. 2021

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Patient: Male, 20-year-old Final Diagnosis: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis • varicella zoster virus infection Symptoms: Fever • headache • skin rash Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Infectious Diseases • Rheumatology Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection causes 2 clinically distinct forms of the disease: varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles). Primary VZV infection results in the diffuse vesicular rash of varicella, or chickenpox. Endogenous reactivation of latent VZV typically results in a localized skin infection known as herpes zoster, or shingles. The infection usually manifests as a self-limited disease. However, it can be associated with various neurological complications such as encephalitis, meningitis, ventriculitis, cerebellar ataxia, ischemic or hemorrhagic, and, rarely, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). This report presents a case of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis due to varicella zoster virus infection in a 20-year-old Nepalese man who presented to the Emergency Department with headache. Case Report: A 20-year-old Nepalese male patient presented to the Emergency Department with headache of 10 day’s duration. Five days prior to that, he had a diffuse pruritic skin rash. Examination as well as serology confirmed the presence of primary varicella infection. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance venography (MRV) demonstrated CVST. Thrombophilia workup revealed a transient elevation of antiphospholipid serology. Shortly after admission, the patient had a transient seizure. He was treated with acyclovir, levetiracetam, and anticoagulation. A comprehensive literature review of similar cases was performed to establish a link between thrombotic complications and primary VZV infection and to formulate possible mechanistic pathways. Conclusions: This report shows that primary VSV infection can be associated with vasculopathy and CVST. Physicians should recognize this serious complication, which should be diagnosed and treated without delay.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Headache and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Due to Varicella Zoster Virus Infection: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

et al. 2021

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“…Another cross-sectional study, with 95 children enrolled, showed a transient increase of LA and aCL in 43 children following varicella infection (34). Moreover, a direct pathogenic role of VZV-induced transient increase of IgM/IgG aCL, IgM anti-b2GPI, or LA in the development of hypercoaguable state was suggested for a number of pediatric and adult cases with thrombotic or vascular complications (35–37). Exposure to EBV was associated with a lupus phenotype and promoted autoimmune processes (38).…”

Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Triggers of Autoreactive Responses: Induction of Antiphospholipid Antibody Formation

2019

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Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) comprise a diverse family of autoantibodies targeted against proteins with the affinity toward negatively charged phospholipids or protein-phospholipid complexes. Their clinical significance, including prothrombotic potential of anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCLs), anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2-GPIs), and lupus anti-coagulant (LA), is well-established. However, the ontogeny of these pathogenic aPLs remains less clear. While transient appearance of aPLs could be induced by various environmental factors, in genetically predisposed individuals these factors may eventually lead to the development of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Since the first description of APS, it has been found that a wide variety of microbial and viral agents influence aPLs production and contribute to clinical manifestations of APS. Many theories attempted to explain the pathogenic potential of different environmental factors as well as a phenomenon termed molecular mimicry between β2-GPI molecule and infection-relevant structures. In this review, we summarize and critically assess the pathogenic and non-pathogenic formation of aPLs and its contribution to the development of APS.

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Postvaricella Thrombosis—Report of Two Cases and Literature Review

Rabah

El‐Banna

AbdelBaki

et al. 2012

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Bilateral cavo-ilio-femoral thrombosis in an adolescent with transient anti-phospholipid antibodies and Factor V heterozygous mutation: a case report

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Chronic Headache and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Due to Varicella Zoster Virus Infection: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Chronic Headache and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Due to Varicella Zoster Virus Infection: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Environmental Triggers of Autoreactive Responses: Induction of Antiphospholipid Antibody Formation

Postvaricella Thrombosis—Report of Two Cases and Literature Review

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