Bilateral decrease in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex activation during motor response inhibition in mania

Familial and disease specific abnormalities in the neural correlates of the Stroop Task in Bipolar Disorder

“…These findings confirm previous reports of VLPFC dysfunction observed in BD in fMRI studies of diverse tasks (Strakowski, 2007) Kronhaus et al, 2006;Lagopoulos and Malhi, 2007;Passarotti et al, 2010;Pavuluri et al, 2008;Roth et al, 2006;Strakowski, 2007;Thermenos et al, 2010). Additionally, hypoactivity within this region has been reliably associated with the clinical syndrome of mania (Altshuler et al, 2005;Mazzola-Pomietto et al, 2009;Strakowski, 2007) which is also characterised by the inability to restrain inappropriate behaviour. Evidence from human lesion (Aron et al, 2004) and fMRI studies suggests that the right VLPFC supports diverse functions related to response execution that include the resolution of conflict in stimulus-response associations and active inhibition and switching during response execution (Derrfuss et al, 2005;Konishi et al, 1999;Robins, 2007).…”

Failure of de-activation in the medial frontal cortex in mania: evidence for default mode network dysfunction in the disorder

“…Early studies of manic patients found evidence of both decreased and increased activity in the frontal and temporal lobes at rest (for a review see Blumberg et al 2000). Activation studies, on the other hand, have been more consistent, fi nding decreased activation in subregions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) (Blumberg et al 1999(Blumberg et al , 2003Rubinsztein et al 2001;Elliott et al 2004;Mazzola-Pomietto et al 2009;Townsend et al 2010) and the anterior cingulate cortex (Strakowski et al 2008) during performance of different cognitive tasks. Studies using emotional tasks have also found evidence of reduced activation in these areas (Lennox et al 2004;Malhi et al 2004;, although there have been exceptions (Elliott, et al 2004;Chen et al 2006).…”

Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Activity During Reward-Punishment Go/Nogo Task: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study

“…In addition, lesion studies have shown that patients with right frontal damage exhibit less efficient inhibition than those with left frontal damage (Aron, Fletcher, Bullmore, Sahakian, & Robbins, 2003;Aron, Monsell, Sahakian, & Robbins, 2004). Moreover, findings for schizophrenic or manic patients who exhibit impulsivity as a major personality trait show decreased activation of the right VLPFC during Go/No-Go tasks (Mazzola-Pomietto, Kaladjian, Azorin, Anton, & Jeanningros, 2009;Kaladjian et al, 2007), thereby suggesting that the right VLPFC plays a key role in the processing of motor-response inhibition.…”