Bilateral male idiopathic granulomatous mastitis of the breast: a case report

Granulomatous mastitis in a male breast: A case report and review of literature

“…GM is rarely observed in males. To the best of our knowledge, there are only 16 reported cases of GM in male patients 1,2,4–15 . The reported cases have been summarized in Table 1.…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, there are only 16 reported cases of GM in male patients. 1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The reported cases have been summarized in Table 1. We analyzed 12 cases of patients whose characteristics and clinical courses were described.…”

“…The reported cases have been summarized in Table 1. We analyzed 12 cases of patients whose characteristics and clinical courses were described 2,6–15 . The median age of the patients at the time of presentation was 46 years (range: 17–60 years).…”

“…It has been reported that estrogen stimulation causes the development of acini and lobules in male breasts 2 and might be responsible for the development of GM. Of the 12 cases, four patients had gynecomastia 10,[14][15][16] and one was a transgender (male to female transition, receiving estrogen therapy for 6 years). 2 This supports the fact that GM in males might be associated with abnormal hormonal conditions such as gynecomastia and estrogen therapy.…”

Granulomatous Mastitis in a Male Breast: A Case Report and Review of Literature

“…It has been reported that estrogen stimulation causes the development of acini and lobules in male breasts 2 and might be responsible for the development of GM. Of the 12 cases, four patients had gynecomastia 10,14,15,16 and one was a transgender (male to female transition, receiving estrogen therapy for six years). 2 This supports the fact that GM in males might be associated with abnormal hormonal conditions such as gynecomastia and estrogen therapy.…”