Bilateral performance symmetry during drop landing

Schot, Philip K.; Bates, Barry T.; Dufek, Janet S.

doi:10.1249/00005768-199409000-00013

Cited by 65 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…Mechanical joint work, defined as the integral of the respective muscle power curve, was calculated for the hip, knee, and ankle during the impact phase of the landing. The impact phase consisted of the first 100 ms after initial contact with the ground (DeVita & Skelly, 1992;Schot et al, 1994), which was defined as the instant VGRF exceeded a threshold of 20 N (Coventry et al, 2006). All kinetic parameters were scaled to body mass as in previous studies (Coventry et al, 2006;DeVita & Skelly, 1992;Zhang et al, 2000).…”

Section: Data Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Repetitive Drop Jumps on Impact Phase Joint Kinematics and Kinetics

Weinhandl

Smith²,

Dugan³

2011

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of fatigue on lower extremity joint kinematics, and kinetics during repetitive drop jumps. Twelve recreationally active males (n= 6) and females (n= 6) (nine used for analysis) performed repetitive drop jumps until they could no longer reach 80% of their initial drop jump height. Kinematic and kinetic variables were assessed during the impact phase (100 ms) of all jumps. Fatigued landings were performed with increased knee extension, and ankle plantar flexion at initial contact, as well as increased ankle range of motion during the impact phase. Fatigue also resulted in increased peak ankle power absorption and increased energy absorption at the ankle. This was accompanied by an approximately equal reduction in energy absorption at the knee. While the knee extensors were the muscle group primarily responsible for absorbing the impact, individuals compensated for increased knee extension when fatigued by an increased use of the ankle plantar flexors to help absorb the forces during impact. Thus, as fatigue set in and individuals landed with more extended lower extremities, they adopted a landing strategy that shifted a greater burden to the ankle for absorbing the kinetic energy of the impact.

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Section: Data Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Repetitive Drop Jumps on Impact Phase Joint Kinematics and Kinetics

Weinhandl

Smith²,

Dugan³

2011

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

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“…Generally though, it has been found that LEFA are highly repeatable from day-to-day (Schot et al, 1994;Hodges et al, 2011), with LEFA in cycling seeming to be an exception to this. Sanderson (1990) and Smak and Hull (1999) also both showed functional asymmetries to be both common place in cyclists and variable in nature, with Sanderson studying a group of 45 cyclists of different levels, and Smak and Hull studying 11 competitive male cyclists.…”

Section: Si=mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Other tasks shown to exhibit LEFA include double-leg landing (Schot et al, 1994), hang power clean (Lake et al, 2010), lifting from the ground (Maines & Reiser, 2006), loaded squatting (Flanagan et al, 2007;Hodges et al, 2011;Lake et al, 2011;Newton et al, 2006) and various jumping and hopping tasks (Ball et al, 2010;Barber-Westin et al, 2005;Hickey et al, 2009;Miyaguchi, 2010;Lawson et al, 2006;Newton et al 2006;Reiser et al 2003;Schiltz et al 2009;Stephens et al, 2007;Wong et al 2007). Because of this, it is well supported that LEFA exist in a normal otherwise healthy population and can be demonstrated in a variety of ways.…”

Section: Si=mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While functional asymmetries during otherwise symmetric tasks might be expected in injured or physically disabled individuals, low levels of functional asymmetries have been found to be commonplace in healthy populations as well. Tasks in which this has been demonstrated include cycling (Daly & Cavanagh, 1976;Sanderson, 1990;Smak, Neptune & Hull, 1999), double-leg landing (Schot, Bates & Dufek ,1994), hang power clean (Lake, Lauder & Smith, 2010), lifting (Maines & Reiser, 2006), running (Vagenas & Hoshizaki,1992;Wong, Chamari, Chaouachi, Mao, Wisløff, & Hong, 2007), sit-to-stand (Lundin et al, 1995), loaded squatting (Flanagan & Salem, 2007;Hogdes, Patrick, & Reiser, 2011;Lake, Lauder & Smith, 2011;Newton, Gerber, Nimphius, Shim, Doan, et al, 2006), quiet standing (Blaszczyck, Prince, Raiche, Hebert, 2000;Rougier & Genthon, 2007), walking (Herzog, Nigg, Read & Olsson, 1989), and various jumping and hopping tasks (Ball, Stock, & Scurr, 2010;Barber-Westin, Galloway, Noyes, Corbett & Walsh, 2005;Hickey, Quatman, Myer, Ford, Brosky, & Hewett, 2009;Miyaguchi & Demura, 2010;Lawson, Stephens, Devoe & Reiser, 2006;Newton et al 2006;Reiser, Paulson, & Maines, 2003; performance (Schiltz et al, 2009;Riganas, Vrabas, Papaevangelou, Mandroukas, 2010), the way the fetus sits in the womb (Blustein & D'Amico, 1985), laterality of neural development (Gabbard & Hart, 1996;Myaguchi & Demura 2010) and fluctuating asymmetries, which are small deviations from bilateral symmetry as a result of random interactions with the environment (Trivers, Manning, Thornhill, Singh & Mcguire, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships Between Asymmetries in Functional Movements and the Star Excursion Balance Test

Overmoyer¹,

Reiser

2013

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ASYMMETRIES IN FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENTS AND THE STAR EXCURSION BALANCE TESTLower extremity functional asymmetries (LEFA) as well as the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) have been used to screen for injury risk and assess post-injury function. Both have also been shown to relate to physical performance. However, the relationships between LEFA, observed during different tasks, are not well understood, nor are the relationships between LEFA and side-to-side asymmetries in SEBT scores.As a result, it is difficult to determine which methods are most appropriate to assess detrimental asymmetries and whether they might be interchangeable. PURPOSE: The goal of this investigation was to examine the correlation in LEFA using measurement of vertical ground reaction forces (GRFv) during quiet standing, body weight squats, maximal effort counter-movement jumps (CMJ) and single-leg drop landings from a 30.5 cm platform (SLDL). Another goal was to investigate bilateral asymmetries in the SEBT anterior (Ant), posteromedial (PostMed) and posterolateral (PostLat) excursion directions, in both the correlations to each other and the correlations to the four functional movement tasks listed above. METHODS: Twenty recreationally active men (n=9) and women (n=11) (mean ± SD age: 21.9 ± 2.6 yrs; height 171 ± 8.8 cm; mass 67.2 ± 1.9 kg) performed three measured trials of each excursion direction of the SEBT, five 20 second quiet standing trials, five unloaded (body weight) squats, five CMJ and five SLDL on iii each side. Leg length measurements, GRFv data and SEBT scores for each leg were collected. Asymmetry was calculated by subtracting the % load on the preferred kicking leg (KL), or during the SEBT the percent of the bilaterally summed score on the KL, from that of the non-preferred kicking leg (NKL). Results were analyzed using Pearson's correlation and paired t-tests. Eleven subjects were reassessed for repeatability measures. RESULTS:Significant correlations (p<0.05) were found between asymmetries in several of the parameters measured in the LEFA tasks. Standing and average GRFv during CMJ significantly correlated to each other (r= 0.458); average GRFv during squats significantly correlated with standing GRFv (r= -0.452); both maximum and average GRFv during the squat significantly correlated with average and maximum GRFv during CMJ (r= -0.571 to -0.768). Average GRFv to peak in the SLDL significantly related to the squat (r= -0.494 to -0.500) and peak GRFv during the SLDL significantly related to CMJ average GRFv (r= -0.470). Further significance was identified among asymmetries in several SEBT excursion directions, particularly between the Ant versus PostMed (r= 0.406 to 0.564), and Ant versus PostLat (r= 0.470 to 0.570). There was a wide range of significant correlations in regards to combinations of these scores in the SEBT (r= 0.470 to 0.973). And finally, correlations were found to exist between several of the LEFA tasks and SEBT excursion directions. These included squats versus PostMed and Ant...

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“…Assimetria é entendida como um favorecimento de um membro, inferior ou superior, em detrimento do outro (27) para desempenhar ações motoras complexas e pode estar relacionada à redução do desempenho motor (7,13) , embora seja uma questão ainda incipiente, e ao aumento do risco de lesões musculares nos membros inferiores em jogadores de futebol (10,26) e de esportistas colegiais (5) . Em um estudo com jogadores de futebol, os resultados mostraram que jogadores de futebol com maior assimetria de força nos membros inferiores (8 ± 1%; p < .01) apresentaram menor precisão na técnica do chute por causa da capacidade reduzida da manutenção do equilíbrio (13) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Diagnóstico de assimetrias laterais em jogadores de futebol das categorias de base por meio do salto horizontal monopodal

Araújo¹,

Medeiros²,

Menzel³

et al. 2017

RPCD

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Strength asymmetry may be related to an increased risk of injury and to a reduction in performance of soccer players. The purposes of this study were to verify if there is a difference in asymmetry prevalence and to determine the profile of strength asymmetry in four different youth soccer categories diagnosed by the single leg hop test. A total of 111 male soccer players from four different youth categories: pre-infantile (n = 34), infantile (n = 20), juvenile (n = 31) and junior (n = 26) of a national soccer team engaged in the study.Each soccer player made three valid attempts with each lower limb and the attempt with the best performance, i.e. greater horizontal distance, was used to calculate the symmetry index. To compare the symmetry index between the categories, the one-way ANOVA test with a Bonferroni post hoc was used, and the χ 2 test was used to verify the prevalence of symmetric or asymmetric soccer players among the categories (p < .05). There were no differences in the symmetry index (F (3.107) = 1.229; p > .05), nor were differences in the prevalence asymmetric players (χ 2 (111) = 1.574; p > .05) between the categories. It was concluded that the older soccer players of the different youth categories did not present a higher prevalence of asymmetry than the younger soccer players when evaluated at the beginning of the season.

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Bilateral performance symmetry during drop landing

Cited by 65 publications

References 0 publications

The Effects of Repetitive Drop Jumps on Impact Phase Joint Kinematics and Kinetics

The Effects of Repetitive Drop Jumps on Impact Phase Joint Kinematics and Kinetics

Relationships Between Asymmetries in Functional Movements and the Star Excursion Balance Test

Diagnóstico de assimetrias laterais em jogadores de futebol das categorias de base por meio do salto horizontal monopodal

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