Bilateral Speech Comprehension Reflects Differential Sensitivity to Spectral and Temporal Features

Obleser, Jonas; Eisner, Frank; Kotz, Sonja A.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1290-08.2008

Cited by 187 publications

(217 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…As shown in Fig. 4A, increasing sensory detail again resulted in an increased MEG response at 200-800 ms, similar to our previous MEG observations for this manipulation during clarityrating tasks (23) and for hemodynamic studies that used either clarity-rating (39,40) or speech-recognition tasks (22,24,41).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Perceptual learning of degraded speech by minimizing prediction error

Sohoglu

Davis

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

154

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Human perception is shaped by past experience on multiple timescales. Sudden and dramatic changes in perception occur when prior knowledge or expectations match stimulus content. These immediate effects contrast with the longer-term, more gradual improvements that are characteristic of perceptual learning. Despite extensive investigation of these two experience-dependent phenomena, there is considerable debate about whether they result from common or dissociable neural mechanisms. Here we test single-and dualmechanism accounts of experience-dependent changes in perception using concurrent magnetoencephalographic and EEG recordings of neural responses evoked by degraded speech. When speech clarity was enhanced by prior knowledge obtained from matching text, we observed reduced neural activity in a peri-auditory region of the superior temporal gyrus (STG). Critically, longer-term improvements in the accuracy of speech recognition following perceptual learning resulted in reduced activity in a nearly identical STG region. Moreover, short-term neural changes caused by prior knowledge and longer-term neural changes arising from perceptual learning were correlated across subjects with the magnitude of learninginduced changes in recognition accuracy. These experience-dependent effects on neural processing could be dissociated from the neural effect of hearing physically clearer speech, which similarly enhanced perception but increased rather than decreased STG responses. Hence, the observed neural effects of prior knowledge and perceptual learning cannot be attributed to epiphenomenal changes in listening effort that accompany enhanced perception. Instead, our results support a predictive coding account of speech perception; computational simulations show how a single mechanism, minimization of prediction error, can drive immediate perceptual effects of prior knowledge and longer-term perceptual learning of degraded speech.perceptual learning | predictive coding | speech perception | magnetoencephalography | vocoded speech S uccessful perception in a dynamic and noisy environment critically depends on the brain's capacity to change how sensory input is processed based on past experience. Consider the way in which perception is enhanced by accurate prior knowledge or expectations. Sudden and dramatic changes in subjective experience can occur when a distorted and otherwise unrecognizable perceptual object is seen or heard after the object's identity is revealed (1-4). Such effects occur almost immediately; striking changes in perceptual outcomes occur over a timescale of seconds or less. However, not all effects of past experience emerge as rapidly as these effects of prior knowledge. With perceptual learning, practice in perceiving certain types of stimuli results in gradual and incremental improvements in perception that develop over a timescale of minutes or longer (Fig. 1A) (5, 6, 7). Critically, perceptual learning can generalize beyond the stimuli experienced during training, e.g., to visual forms presented in dif...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Perceptual learning of degraded speech by minimizing prediction error

Sohoglu

Davis

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

154

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…From the functional point of view, several neuroimaging studies have pointed to asymmetries in the temporal cortices, especially in language-related tasks. The right and left auditory cortices have been suggested to be predominantly sensitive to spectral and temporal changes, respectively (Zatorre and Belin, 2001;Obleser et al, 2008), with the right auditory cortex having a more constrained computational role (Obleser et al, 2008). Furthermore, the left-hemispheric responses are affected by linguistic background, in a gender-related manner (Salmelin et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Linkage Analysis of Human Auditory Cortical Activation Suggests Distinct Loci on Chromosomes 2, 3, and 8

et al. 2012

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Neural processes are explored through macroscopic neuroimaging and microscopic molecular measures, but the two levels remain primarily detached. The identification of direct links between the levels would facilitate use of imaging signals as probes of genetic function and, vice versa, access to molecular correlates of imaging measures. Neuroimaging patterns have been mapped for a few isolated genes, chosen based on their connection with a clinical disorder. Here we propose an approach that allows an unrestricted discovery of the genetic basis of a neuroimaging phenotype in the normal human brain. The essential components are a subject population that is composed of relatives and selection of a neuroimaging phenotype that is reproducible within an individual and similar between relatives but markedly variable across a population. Our present combined magnetoencephalography and genome-wide linkage study in 212 healthy siblings demonstrates that auditory cortical activation strength is highly heritable and, specifically in the right hemisphere, regulated oligogenically with linkages to chromosomes 2q37, 3p12, and 8q24. The identified regions delimit as candidate genes TRAPPC9, operating in neuronal differentiation, and ROBO1, regulating projections of thalamocortical axons. Identification of normal genetic variation underlying neurophysiological phenotypes offers a non-invasive platform for an in-depth, concerted capitalization of molecular and neuroimaging levels in exploring neural function.

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“…However, comparisons between studies of spontaneous activity in the absence of experimental acoustic input and the temporal structure of stimuli producing the greatest regional activity need to be made with caution. A recent study (Obleser et al, 2008) that manipulated the spectral and temporal resolution within degraded speech stimuli and found corresponding differential engagement of right and left auditory association cortex, respectively, points to the importance of the interplay of both temporal and spectral information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, others demonstrated sensitivity to decreasing time windows in left HG, but no differential temporal sensitivity in AAC (Zatorre and Belin, 2001;Schönwiesner et al, 2005). Obleser et al (2008) manipulated the spectral and temporal resolution of natural speech signals, demonstrating slight lateralization preferences in right and left AAC (specifically STS) for spectral and temporal resolution, respectively. Thus, critical yet unresolved questions relate to (1) the extent to which the analysis of different levels of temporal structure depends on PAC and SAC as opposed to AAC, and (2) the lateralization of temporal analysis within these different areas (Hickok and Poeppel, 2007;Zatorre and Gandour, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Encoding of Spectral Correlation over Time in Auditory Cortex

Overath

Kumar²,

Kriegstein³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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Natural sounds contain multiple spectral components that vary over time. The degree of variation can be characterized in terms of correlation between successive time frames of the spectrum, or as a time window within which any two frames show a minimum degree of correlation: the greater the correlation of the spectrum between successive time frames, the longer the time window. Recent studies suggest differences in the encoding of shorter and longer time windows in left and right auditory cortex, respectively. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging study assessed brain activation in response to the systematic variation of the time window in complex spectra that are more similar to natural sounds than in previous studies. The data show bilateral activity in the planum temporale and anterior superior temporal gyrus as a function of increasing time windows, as well as activity in the superior temporal sulcus that was significantly lateralized to the right. The results suggest a coexistence of hierarchical and lateralization schemes for representing increasing time windows in auditory association cortex.

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Bilateral Speech Comprehension Reflects Differential Sensitivity to Spectral and Temporal Features

Cited by 187 publications

References 55 publications

Perceptual learning of degraded speech by minimizing prediction error

Perceptual learning of degraded speech by minimizing prediction error

Genome-Wide Linkage Analysis of Human Auditory Cortical Activation Suggests Distinct Loci on Chromosomes 2, 3, and 8

Encoding of Spectral Correlation over Time in Auditory Cortex

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