Bilingualism aids conflict resolution: Evidence from the ANT task

Costa, Albert; Hernández, Mireia; Sebastián‐Gallés, Núria

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2006.12.013

Cited by 859 publications

(1,059 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Recent studies have speculated on the implications of utilizing the same system, in which bilinguals are more proficient in executive tasks than monolinguals [33]. Dr. T, who showed more prominent (higher-incidence and more frequent) switching in connected speech than confrontation naming, may provide insight into the demands for linguistic and cognitive resources in relation to task processing in multilingual speakers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive and Language Control in the Multilingual Brain

Kong

Abutalebi

Lam

et al. 2014

Behavioural Neurology

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Neuroimaging studies suggest that the neural network involved in language control may not be specific to bi-/multilingualism but is part of a domain-general executive control system. We report a trilingual case of a Cantonese (L1), English (L2), and Mandarin (L3) speaker, Dr. T, who sustained a brain injury at the age of 77 causing lesions in the left frontal lobe and in the left temporo-parietal areas resulting in fluent aphasia. Dr. T's executive functions were impaired according to a modified version of the Stroop color-word test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance was characterized by frequent perseveration errors. Dr. T demonstrated pathological language switching and mixing across her three languages. Code switching in Cantonese was more prominent in discourse production than confrontation naming. Our case suggests that voluntary control of spoken word production in trilingual speakers shares neural substrata in the frontobasal ganglia system with domain-general executive control mechanisms. One prediction is that lesions to such a system would give rise to both pathological switching and impairments of executive functions in trilingual speakers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive and Language Control in the Multilingual Brain

Kong

Abutalebi

Lam

et al. 2014

Behavioural Neurology

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“…This procedure assumes that the collapsed components of each network are all providing reliable measures of the same process. These assumptions are somewhat perplexing, since numerous ANT studies have reported Flanker X Cue interactions (i.e., Costa, Hernández, Sebastián-Gallés, & 2008;Fan, Byrne, et al, 2007;Johnson et al, 2008;Oberlin, Alford, & Marrocco, 2005;Redick & Engle, 2006). In the present study, we used ANOVAs and correlational procedures to examine the relation between the four executive control measures (no cue executive control, double cue executive control, central cue executive control, and spatial cue executive control), the three measures of alerting (alerting scores for neutral flankers, congruent flankers, and incongruent flankers) and the three measures of orienting (orienting for neutral, congruent, and incongruent flankers).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing measures: testing an assumption of the attention network test

McConnell

Shore

2011

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The human attention system has been subdivided into three networks that appear to be functionally and anatomically independent: alerting, orienting, and executive control. The Attention Network Test (ANT) is a quick and easy tool that measures the efficiency of these three networks by averaging reaction time and accuracy scores across several different cue and flanker conditions. Using ANOVAs and correlation procedures, we found that (a) intranetwork correlations were surprisingly low, and (b) Cue X Flanker interactions were found within alerting, orienting, and executive control measures. Taken together, these findings highlight the interaction between the three networks and the potential difficulty in accurately measuring them with this task.

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“…Some of the documented channels by which such can be achieved include: education (Brockhoff et al, 2014), especially by means lifelong learning ( Asongu & Nwachukwu, 2016b) and bilingualism (Costa et al, 2008); the role of good governance (Asongu & Kodila-Tedika, 2016); publicity and press freedom (Hoffman et al, 2013); military mechanisms (Feridun & Shahbaz, 2010); the relevance of geopolitical fluctuations (Straus, 2012); strategies founded on investigating terrorism behaviour (Gardner, 2007) and transparency (Bell et al, 2014).…”

Section: The 2015 Garissa University and 2013 Westgate Shopping Mall mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting terrorism in Africa: Benchmarking policy harmonization

Asongu

Tchamyou

Minkoua

et al. 2018

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

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This study assesses the feasibility of policy harmonization in the fight against terrorism in 53African countries with data for the period 1980-2012. Four terrorism variables are used, namely: domestic, transnational, unclear and total terrorism dynamics. The empirical evidence is based on absolute beta catch-up and sigma convergence estimation techniques. There is substantial absence of catch-up. The lowest rate of convergence in terrorism is in landlocked countries for regressions pertaining to unclear terrorism (3.43% per annum for 174.9 years) while the highest rate of convergence is in upper-middle-income countries in domestic terrorism regressions (15.33% per annum for 39.13 years). After comparing results from the two estimation techniques, it is apparent that in the contemporary era, countries with low levels of terrorism are not catching-up their counterparts with high levels of terrorism. As a policy implication, whereas some common policies may be feasibly adopted for the fight against terrorism, the findings based on the last periodic phase (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012) are indicative that country-specific policies would better pay-off in the fight against terrorism than blanket common policies. Some suggestions of measures in fighting transnational terrorism have been discussed in the light of an anticipated surge in cross-national terrorism incidences in the coming years.

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Bilingualism aids conflict resolution: Evidence from the ANT task

Cited by 859 publications

References 39 publications

Executive and Language Control in the Multilingual Brain

Executive and Language Control in the Multilingual Brain

Mixing measures: testing an assumption of the attention network test

Fighting terrorism in Africa: Benchmarking policy harmonization

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