Binary Solvents for Zein

Abstract

The objectives of this study were (a) to determine the general types of molecular components required to make good binary organic solvents for zein, and (b) to provide commercial users of zein with data on its solubility characteristics in a number of organic solvents, covering a wide range of viscosity, boiling point, and evaporation rate.The work shows that the critical peptization temperatures of zein in many primary organic solvents can be lowered by the addition of active hydrogen compounds. The effectiveness of such substances as secondary solvents for zein is related to the degree of activity of their active hydrogens. Critical peptization temperature curves for zein in a number of binary solvent systems are included. INA PREVIOUS article (4) the authors showed that zein can be dispersed in a considerable number of single organic solvents, which may be either acids, acid amides, amines, or hydroxy compounds. Thus, all single solvents for zein are amphoteric in the sense that they are capable of forming hydrogen bridges through their capacity both to donate and to accept electrons. Substances of

Development of flexible zein–wax composite and zein–fatty acid blend films for controlled release of lysozyme

“…Zein, a water insoluble hydrophobic storage protein found in corn and maize, attracts a particular interest as a biopolymer since it has excellent film forming and gas barrier properties; it is one of the rare proteins soluble in various organic solvents including ethanol and it is the major co-product of the oil and rapidly growing bioethanol industries (Manley & Evans, 1943;Selling, Woods, Sessa, & Biswas, 2008;Shukla & Cheryan, 2001;Wang et al, 2007;Zhang, Luo, & Wang, 2011). Thus, a particular interest has been focused on use of zein in active food packaging by incorporation of different natural antimicrobials including lysozyme (Gucbilmez et al, 2007;Mecitoglu et al, 2006;Padgett et al, 1998).…”

Zein-Polyaniline Blends—a Route to Electrically Conductive Biopolymer

“…diethylamine, ethylenediamine. On the contrary, many solvents for zein were mentioned [15][16][17], but NMP has never been reported among them, according to our knowledge. We have been found it as a good solvent for zein as well, which allows to get upto 10% concentration at room temperature and to be used as a common solvent for both PANI and zein.…”

Chitosan-zein nano-in-microparticles capable of mediating in vivo transgene expression following oral delivery

“…ZN’s amino acid composition renders it insoluble in aqueous conditions, and therefore requires a binary solvent for complete solubilization. The most commonly used solvent for ZN is aqueous ethanolic solutions between 55 and 90% (v/v) ethanol [66]. To this end, various ethanolic ZN solutions were investigated for use in the W/O emulsion method developed here (data not shown), which involved a single emulsion of ethanolic ZN into the continuous phase of 100% corn oil.…”