Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers – Global Capacities, Production and Trends 2019 – 2024

Skoczinski, Pia; Chinthapalli, Raj; Carus, Michael; Baltus, Wolfgang; Guzman, Doris de; Käb, Harald; Raschka, Achim; Ravenstijn, Jan

doi:10.52548/ynbe3883

Cited by 20 publications

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“…polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and hydroxyvalerate (PHV)), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), polybutylene succinate adipate (PBSA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polycaprolactone (PLC), and polyglycolic acid (PGA) have minimal environmental impact after disposal compared to traditional plastics, thereby avoiding challenges associated with the recycling of plastics. 1,5 This study will focus on two major biodegradable plastics, PLA and PBS, which are amongst the top biodegradable plastics with attractive market demand. 1 Polylactic acid is a biodegradable bioplastic derived from bio-based lactic acid, which makes up a significant share of the global bioplastic production.…”

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“…10 The market demand for PBS is currently lower than that for PLA and is estimated to be around 90 kt year -1 in 2019, but is expected to grow in the near future as new areas of application are established. 1,7 Polybutylene succinate was traditionally produced by Showa Denko K.K from fossil-derived monomers through polycondensation followed by chain extenders with a market price of 2329 US$ t -1 . 11 However, companies such as PTT MCC Biochem Co., Ltd and Shandong Landian Biological Technology Co., Ltd entered the PBS market by producing partly bio-derived PBS with a selling price of about 4730 US$ t -1 .…”

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“…lastics have a crucial role in daily human activities including packaging, textiles, medical, and pharmaceutical applications, with packaging making up the largest market sector. 1 However, the use of plastics is increasing rapidly, as a result of exponential population growth, which poses an environmental threat. Global production of synthetic plastics was approximately 359 million tons in 2018, of which only approximately 9% is recycled; the remainder is discarded.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Global production of synthetic plastics was approximately 359 million tons in 2018, of which only approximately 9% is recycled; the remainder is discarded. 1 Plastic waste pollution is a growing environmental concern globally due to the increased use of conventional plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene (PE), which are highly resistant to degradation and therefore difficult to discard at the end of their life cycle. 2 To curb the environmental build-up of such plastics, the EU has introduced strict restrictions to curb the use of conventional plastics.…”

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“…4 In 2019, bio-derived plastics made up 1% of total global plastic production by volume and are expected to grow at a compounded annual growth rate (CARG) of 3% up to 2024, similar to synthetic plastics. 1 Bio-derived plastics are made from renewable material, which falls into two categories: first-generation (1G) and second-generation (2G) biomass. The former includes edible biomass (e.g.…”

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Techno‐economic assessment of polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate production in an integrated sugarcane biorefinery

Ratshoshi

Farzad

Görgens

2021

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Plastic waste pollution is a growing environmental concern due to the increased use of conventional plastics. This study investigates the techno‐economics of biodegradable, bio‐based plastics, i.e. polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene succinate (PBS), as potential substitutes for conventional plastics, to identify the most viable one to be produced in a biorefinery annexed to a typical sugar mill. Six potential biorefinery scenarios were simulated in Aspen Plus®, in which PLA or PBS is derived from sugarcane molasses (1G scenarios), bagasse and harvesting residues (2G scenarios) or a mixture of molasses, bagasse, and harvesting residues (1G2G scenarios). The economic feasibility of the PLA and PBS scenarios was evaluated by means of the minimum selling prices (MSP) for an acceptable return on investment. The PLA scenarios showed lower MSPs than PBS with the 1G2G scenario having the lowest MSP (2965 US$ t–1), comparable to the commonly available PLA from corn grain (5140 US$ t–1). Polylactic acid benefited from lower process energy demands (5.5–5.8 MJ kg–1 of biomass or sugars processed) compared to PBS (5.1–8.2 MJ kg–1), which plays a crucial role in an energy self‐sufficient biorefinery. Furthermore, a 1G‐biorefinery was identified producing a fully biobased PBS at an MSP of 2980 US$ t–1 that is price competitive against fossil‐derived PBS (2380 US$ t–1) and partially bio‐derived PBS (4730 US$ t–1). To date, this was the first study to evaluate the detailed techno‐economics of a fully biobased and biodegradable PBS biorefinery in an energy self‐sufficient context, which was demonstrated to be cost‐competitive against both partial bio‐derived PBS and fully bio‐derived PBS. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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