Bio-fouling of subsurface type drip emitters applying reclaimed water under medium soil thermal variation

Oliver, M. M. H.; Hewa, Guna; Pezzaniti, David

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2013.10.014

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Similar results were found by Dazhuang et al (2009), Yan et al (2010), Oliver, Hewa and Pezzaniti (2014), Fernandes et al (2014) and Mesquita et al (2015) with drip units applying different wastewaters. However, obstruction levels were more pronounced in drip units operating at pressure of 70 kPa, which had lower effluent flow rate in the drips compared with the other pressures, favoring the biofilm formation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Empirical models relating hydraulic performance of drip irrigation systems with the variables operating time (BATISTA et al, 2013), wastewater quality (BATISTA et al, 2011) and intrinsic characteristics of drippers (BATISTA et al, 2012;OLIVER et al, 2014) assists in choosing the technic and the time of use preventive and corrective measures regarding dripper obstructions when applying wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empirical Models for Performance of Drippers Applying Cashew Nut Processing Wastewater

et al. 2016

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-The objective of this work was to develop empirical models for hydraulic performance of drippers operating with cashew nut processing wastewater depending on operating time, operating pressure and effluent quality. The experiment consisted of two factors, types of drippers (D1=1.65 L h -1 , D2=2.00 L h -1 and D3=4.00 L h -1 ), and operating pressures (70, 140, 210 and 280 kPa), with three replications. The flow variation coefficient (FVC), distribution uniformity coefficient (DUC) and the physicochemical and biological characteristics of the effluent were evaluated every 20 hours until complete 160 hours of operation. Data were interpreted through simple and multiple linear stepwise regression models. The regression models that fitted to the FVC and DUC as a function of operating time were square root, linear and quadratic, with 17%, 17% and 8%, and 17%, 17% and 0%, respectively. The regression models that fitted to the FVC and DUC as a function of operating pressures were square root, linear and quadratic, with 11%, 22% and 0% and the 0%, 22% and 11%, respectively. Multiple linear regressions showed that the dissolved solids content is the main wastewater characteristic that interfere in the FVC and DUC values of the drip units D1 (1.65 L h-1) and D3 (4.00 L h-1), operating at work pressure of 70 kPa (P1).Keywords: Effluent. Emitters. Operating pressure. Flow variation coefficient. Distribution uniformity coefficient. MODELOS EMPÍRICOS DO DESEMPENHO DE GOTEJADORES APLICANDO ÁGUARESIDUÁRIA DA CASTANHA DE CAJU RESUMO -Este trabalho objetivou obter modelos empíricos do desempenho hidráulico de gotejadores operando com água residuária da castanha de caju em função do tempo de operação, da pressão de serviço e da qualidade do efluente. O experimento foi montado com dois fatores: três tipos de gotejadores (D1 -1,65 L h -1 ; D2 -2,00 L h -1 e D3 -4,00 L h -1 ) e quatro pressões de serviço (70, 140, 210 e 280 kPa), com três repetições. Avaliaram-se a cada 20 h os valores dos coeficientes de variação de vazão (FVC) e da uniformidade de distribuição (DUC), além das características físico-químicas e biológicas do efluente até completar o tempo de operação de 160 h. Os dados foram interpretados por meio das análises de regressão simples e linear múltipla stepwise. Para os dados de FVC e DUC em função do tempo de operação, 17, 17 e 8% e 17, 17 e 0% dos modelos de regressão ajustados foram o raiz quadrada, o linear e o quadrático, respectivamente. Na relação de FVC e DUC com pressões de serviço, 11, 22 e 0% e 0, 22 e 11% dos modelos de regressão ajustados foram o raiz quadrada, o linear e o quadrático, respectivamente. As regressões lineares múltiplas mostraram que o teor de sólidos dissolvidos foi a característica da água residuária que mais interferiu nos valores de FVC e DUC das unidades gotejadoras D1e D3 operando na pressão de serviço de 70 kPa.Palavras-chave: Efluente. Emissores. Pressão de serviço. Coeficientes de variação da vazão e de uniformidade de distribuição.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Models for Performance of Drippers Applying Cashew Nut Processing Wastewater

et al. 2016

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“…The contents ultimately determine the architecture and the stability of a biofilm biomass (Koechler et al, 2015) although their quantities vary depending on the bacterial strains and environmental conditions (Zogaj et al, 2001; Solano et al, 2002; Haque et al, 2012). The sessile bacterial biomass are known to have a hetero-dimensional structure (Oliver et al, 2014) with micro-channels and extended limbs to trap nutrients. The whole assembly acts as a protective barrier against toxins, antimicrobial agents, and predators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CytR Homolog of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum Controls Air-Liquid Biofilm Formation by Regulating Multiple Genes Involved in Cellulose Production, c-di-GMP Signaling, Motility, and Type III Secretion System in Response to Nutritional and Environmental Signals

et al. 2017

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Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum [Pcc (formerly Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora)] PC1 causes soft-rot disease in a wide variety of plant species by secreting multiple pathogenicity-related traits. In this study, regulatory mechanism of air-liquid (AL) biofilm formation was studied using a cytR homolog gene deletion mutant (ΔcytR) of Pcc PC1. Compared to the wild type (Pcc PC1), the ΔcytR mutant produced fragile and significantly (P < 0.001) lower amounts of AL biofilm on salt-optimized broth plus 2% glycerol (SOBG), yeast peptone dextrose adenine, and also on King’s B at 27°C after 72 h incubation in static condition. The wild type also produced significantly higher quantities of AL biofilm on SOBGMg– (magnesium deprived) containing Cupper (Cu2+), Zinc (Zn2+), Manganese (Mn2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), and Calcium (Ca2+) compared to the ΔcytR mutant. Moreover, the wild type was produced higher amounts of biofilms compared to the mutant while responding to pH and osmotic stresses. The ΔfliC (encoding flagellin), flhD::Tn5 (encoding a master regulator) and ΔmotA (a membrane protein essential for flagellar rotation) mutants produced a lighter and more fragile AL biofilm on SOBG compared to their wild counterpart. All these mutants resulted in having weak bonds with the cellulose specific dye (Calcofluor) producing lower quantities of cellulose compared to the wild type. Gene expression analysis using mRNA collected from the AL biofilms showed that ΔcytR mutant significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the expressions of multiple genes responsible for cellulose production (bcsA, bcsE, and adrA), motility (flhD, fliA, fliC, and motA) and type III secretion system (hrpX, hrpL, hrpA, and hrpN) compared to the wild type. The CytR homolog was therefore, argued to be able to regulate the AL biofilm formation by controlling cellulose production, motility and T3SS in Pcc PC1. In addition, all the mutants exhibited poorer attachment to radish sprouts and AL biofilm cells of the wild type was resistant than stationary-phase and planktonic cells to acidity and oxidative stress compared to the same cells of the ΔcytR mutant. The results of this study therefore suggest that CytR homolog is a major determinant of Pcc PC1’s virulence, attachment and its survival mechanism.

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“…Os resultados das combinações que apresentaram os maiores níveis de obstrução de gotejadores corroboram com Oliver et al (2014), que obtiveram valores médios de Dra de 47, 63 e 79% em unidades de irrigação dotadas de gotejadores com vazões nominais de 1,60, 2,0 e 2,3 L h -1 , respectivamente, após 3600 h de operação com água residuária doméstica tratada.…”

Section: Figuraunclassified

“…O surgimento de biofilme no interior dos gotejadores e linhas laterais, devido à interação de mucilagens bacterianas com partículas orgânicas e, ou inorgânicas, é a principal causa de obstrução em sistemas de irrigação localiza que operam com águas residuárias (DAZHUANG et al, 2009;OLIVER;HEWA;PEZZANITI, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Modelos Empíricos Da Aplicação De Água Residuária De Suinocultura Por Gotejadores Sob Pressões De Serviço

Batista

Oliveira²,

Santos

et al. 2016

R_I

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MODELOS EMPÍRICOS DA APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA DE SUINOCULTURA POR GOTEJADORES SOB PRESSÕES DE SERVIÇO RAFAEL OLIVEIRA BATISTA1; RUBENS ALVES DE OLIVEIRA2; DELFRAN BATISTA DOS SANTOS3; FERNANDO FRANÇA DA CUNHA2 E SALOMÃO DE SOUSA MEDEIROS4 1 Departamento de Ciências Ambientais e Tecnológicas, UFERSA câmpus Mossoró-RN, Avenida Francisco Mota, no 572, Bairro Costa e Silva, CEP: 59.625-900 - Mossoró, RN, Brasil, e-mail: rafaelbatista@ufersa.edu.br2 Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, UFV câmpus Viçosa-MG, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP: 36570-900 - Viçosa, MG, Brasil, e-mail: rubens@ufv.br, dacunhaff@gmail.com3 Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano, Câmpus Senhor do Bonfim-BA. Estrada de Igara, km 04, s/n, zona rural, CEP: 48970-000 - Senhor do Bonfim, BA, Brasil, e-mail: delfran.batista@gmail.com4 Instituto Nacional do Semiárido, INSA. Avenida Francisco Lopes de Almeida, s/n, Bairro Serrotão, CEP: 58.429-970 - Campina Grande, PB, Brasil, e-mail: salomao@insa.gov.br 1 RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou obter modelos empíricos das alterações da magnitude de pressões de serviço na minimização da obstrução de gotejadores através da aplicação de água residuária de suinocultura e água de abastecimento público. O experimento foi montado com dois fatores, sendo três tipos de gotejadores (G1 = 2,0 L h-1, G2 = 1,7 L h-1 e G3 = 3,6 L h-1) e quatro pressões de serviço (P1 = 75 kPa, P2 = 145 kPa, P3 = 215 kPa e P4 = 285 kPa) em três repetições. Para determinação dos modelos, foram avaliados os indicadores de desempenho hidráulico coeficiente de variação de vazão, coeficiente de uniformidade estatística e coeficiente de vazão relativa média que foram determinados a cada 20 h, durante 160 h de operação do sistema de irrigação. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de regressão, representando 12 combinações entre os tipos de gotejadores e as pressões de serviço, ao longo dos tempos de operação. Também foram avaliadas as características físico-químicas e microbiológicas da água residuária de suinocultura e da água de abastecimento público a cada 20 h e 80 h, respectivamente. Após 160 h de aplicação de água residuária de suinocultura e água de abastecimento público houve comprometimento do desempenho hidráulico das unidades gotejadoras em função do entupimento dos gotejadores. Os modelos de regressão quadrático, hiperbólico, raiz quadrada e linear foram os de melhor ajuste aos dados do coeficiente de variação de vazão e coeficiente de uniformidade estatística em função do tempo de operação, em quanto os modelos raiz quadrada, hiperbólico e linear foram os mais adequados para o coeficiente de vazão relativa média. Palavras-chave: Resíduo liquido, desempenho hidráulico, entupimento. BATISTA, R. O.; OLIVEIRA, R. A.; SANTOS, D. B.; CUNHA,F. F.; MEDEIROS, S. S.EMPIRICAL MODELS OF THE APPLICATION OF SWINE WASTEWATER AND SUPPLY WATER IN DRIPPERS UNDER OPERATING PRESSURE 2 ABSTRACT This study aimed at obtaining the empirical models for magnitude alterations of operating pressures, in minimizing obstruction of drippers by applying swine wastewater and water supply. The experiment was mounted with two factors, three types of drippers (G1 = Tif Naan; G2 = Naan Drip Paz 25; and G3 = Plastro Hydro PC) and four operating pressures (P1 = 75 kPa; P 2 = 145 kPa; P3 = 215 kPa; e P4 = 285 kPa) in three replications. Data were subjected to regression analysis, representing 12 combinations between the types of drippers and working pressures, during the operation time. The water performance indicators, flow variation coefficient, statistical uniformity coefficient and relative flow coefficient were determined every 20 h during 160 h of operation. The physico-chemical and biological characteristics of swine wastewater and supply water were obtained every 20 h and 80 h, respectively. The magnitude increase on operating pressure minimizes clogging of drippers that operate with swine wastewater and supply water. The combinations 8 (G2 x P3) and 9 (x G3 P3) resulted in the highest indicators of water performance in drip irrigation units. Keywords: liquid waste, swine, hydraulic performance, clogging.

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Bio-fouling of subsurface type drip emitters applying reclaimed water under medium soil thermal variation

Cited by 34 publications

References 48 publications

Empirical Models for Performance of Drippers Applying Cashew Nut Processing Wastewater

Empirical Models for Performance of Drippers Applying Cashew Nut Processing Wastewater

CytR Homolog of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum Controls Air-Liquid Biofilm Formation by Regulating Multiple Genes Involved in Cellulose Production, c-di-GMP Signaling, Motility, and Type III Secretion System in Response to Nutritional and Environmental Signals

Modelos Empíricos Da Aplicação De Água Residuária De Suinocultura Por Gotejadores Sob Pressões De Serviço

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