Bio-Heat Transfer Model of Deep Brain Stimulation Induced Temperature changes

In vitro and in vivo study of temperature increases in the brain due to a neural implant

“…According to their study, a 60-electrode retinal stimulator resulted in a maximum temperature rise of 0.8 °C on the surface of the chip as it dissipated a power of 12.4 mW. More recently, there has been a study reporting thermal effects of a single electrode used for deep brain stimulation (DBS) [9]. Their numerical study predicted that clinically used stimulation currents can induce temperature increases up to 1 °C near the DBS electrodes.…”

Evaluating the impact of the deep brain stimulation induced electric field on subthalamic neurons: A computational modelling study

“…While this is an interesting approach to investigating ideas of desynchronization of pathological synchrony, most models do not take into account the geometry of the brain tissue and the spatial spread of current in the brain volume surrounding a DBS electrode. The second uses a finite element model to visualize the electric field distribution over a geometry of interest (McIntyre and Grill, 2001;McIntyre et al, 2004a,b;Hemm et al, 2005;Wei and Grill, 2005;Gimsa et al, 2006;Elwassif et al, 2006;Astrom et al, 2006;Yousif et al, 2007;Yousif and Liu, 2007a;Yousif and Liu, 2007b;Yousif et al, 2008a;Yousif et al, 2008b;Vasques et al, 2009) and couples the results to cable models of single neurons (Miocinovic et al, 2006) or arrays of axons (Butson and McIntyre, 2005;Miocinovic et al, 2006;Sotiropoulos and Steinmetz, 2007;Butson et al, 2007;Butson and McIntyre, 2008) for quantifying the volume of tissue activated (VTA) in the surrounding brain volume. Single neuron models demonstrate how the field affects a single point in the brain volume, while the VTA approach classifies activated points as those where the axon models fire in a 1:1 ratio with the stimulus train pulses and plots this spatially.…”

“…Computational models have proven to be extremely useful for visualizing and estimating the effects of extracellular stimulation of the human brain, as induced by therapeutic deep brain stimulation (DBS) (McIntyre and Grill, 2001;McIntyre et al, 2004a,b;Hemm et al, 2005;Wei and Grill, 2005;Butson and McIntyre, 2005;Elwassif et al, 2006;Sotiropoulos and Steinmetz, 2007;Yousif et al, 2007;Yousif and Liu, 2007a;Yousif and Liu, 2007b;Yousif et al, 2008a;Yousif et al, 2008b;Vasques et al, 2009). DBS is a surgical treatment used to combat the symptoms of neurological disorders, most commonly movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, tremor and dystonia and increasingly for psychological disorders (Benabid et al, 1994;Nuttin et al, 2003;Vidailhet et al, 2005;Mayberg et al, 2005;Deuschl et al, 2006;Kupsch et al, 2006).…”

Optimal electrode placement in transcranial direct current stimulation via genetic algorithm

“…In practice, electrical stimulation can cause temperature rises due to joule heat and metabolic response to stimulation [10]. The raised temperature also can cause burn and irritation of skin under the electrodes.…”