Bio-inspired special wettability in oral antibacterial applications

Abstract

Most oral diseases originate from biofilms whose formation is originated from the adhesion of salivary proteins and pioneer bacteria. Therefore, antimicrobial materials are mainly based on bactericidal methods, most of which have drug resistance and toxicity. Natural antifouling surfaces inspire new antibacterial strategies. The super wettable surfaces of lotus leaves and fish scales prompt design of biomimetic oral materials covered or mixed with super wettable materials to prevent adhesion. Bioinspired slippery surfaces come from pitcher plants, whose porous surfaces are infiltrated with lubricating liquid to form superhydrophobic surfaces to reduce the contact with liquids. It is believed that these new methods could provide promising directions for oral antimicrobial practice, improving antimicrobial efficacy.

Properties of SiCN Films Relevant to Dental Implant Applications

“…An excessively hydrophobic surface can repel water and create a barrier that prevents bacteria from attaching. On the other hand, an extremely hydrophilic surface can cause water to spread out, reducing the contact area between the bacteria and the surface, which also reduces bacterial adhesion [43][44][45][46]. An extremely hydrophilic surface would have a contact angle close to 0 • , while an extremely hydrophobic surface would have a contact angle close to 180 • [47,48].…”

Functional Surface Coatings on Orthodontic Appliances: Reviews of Friction Reduction, Antibacterial Properties, and Corrosion Resistance

“…Based on the results of this study, when applying SiO x coatings to increase the antibacterial properties of the brackets, HS2 superhydrophobic coatings can be prepared to obtain the best results [ 151 ]. The oral environment is moist, so the liquid–air interface formed between the hydrophobic surface and saliva prevents bacteria from adhering and forming biofilms [ 152 ], which explains the excellent antimicrobial properties of hydrophobic and superhydrophobic coatings. The abovementioned study was published in 2015, and there have been no subsequent studies on the surface coating of orthodontic brackets or archwires that present prospects worth exploring.…”