Bio-nano interactions: binding proteins, polysaccharides, lipids and nucleic acids onto magnetic nanoparticles

Abstract

The major interest in nanoparticles as an application platform for biotechnology arises from their high surface-to-volume ratio. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are particularly appealing due to their superparamagnetic behavior, which enables bioseparation using external magnetic fields. In order to design advanced biomaterials, improve binding capacities and develop innovative processing solutions, a thorough understanding of the factors governing organic-inorganic binding in solution is critical but has not yet been achieved, given the wide variety of chemical and physical influences. This paper offers a critical review of experimental studies of the interactions between low cost IONPs (bare iron oxides, silica-coated or easily-functionalized surfaces) and the main groups of biomolecules: proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and carbohydrates. Special attention is devoted to the driving forces and interdependencies responsible of interactions at the solid-liquid interface, to the unique structural characteristics of each biomolecular class, and to environmental conditions influencing adsorption. Furthermore, studies focusing on mixtures, which are still rare, but absolutely necessary to understand the biocorona, are also included. This review concludes with a discussion of future work needed to fill the gaps in knowledge of bio-nano interactions, seeking to improve nanoparticles’ targeting capabilities in complex systems, and to open the door for multipurpose recognition and bioseparation processes.

Ferrofluids and bio-ferrofluids: looking back and stepping forward

“…Moreover, even biological requirements like exclusion of toxicity, iron leaching and non-specific interactions must be taken into account when designing bioferrofluids. The crucial issues are biocompatibility and colloidal stability which involve nano-bio interactions [164][165][166] governed by the solid-liquid interface that forms on NPs' surface in the surrounding milieu and comes into contact with biological entities, protein corona formation, [167][168][169] immune response, 170,171 etc.…”

Current Researches on Nanodrug Delivery Systems in Bladder Cancer Intravesical Chemotherapy

“…The advantage of MTX/MNPs combined with magnetic heat therapy was the low CEM43T90 value (the cumulative equivalent minutes representing 43°C in 90% of the tumor area) was sufficient for rapid tumor destruction and no recurrence ( 39 ). Further the superparamagnetic nature of magnetic nanomicrospheres allows for tumor localization and vascular imaging for early diagnosis of disease ( 11 , 32 , 86 , 87 ). These advantages of MNPs can reduce the toxicity of perfused drugs, induce slow and sustained drug release, increase targeted binding, uptake and targeted killing of tumor cells, and will enhance the efficacy of perfusion chemotherapy for bladder cancer.…”

The Influence of Biomolecule Composition on Colloidal Beer Structure

“…Conversely, an increase in the hydrophobicity of the surface of protein foam molecules, namely amino acid residues, thiol groups, cations and anions, carbohydrates and lipids, contributes to the stabilization of the foam structure [ 143 , 144 ]. During the interaction of LTPs and lipid molecules of complex structure, such as phytosterols, Van der Waals interactions occur between the lipid and protein molecules [ 145 ]. On the other hand, opinions have been expressed that carboxylate groups in phytosterols can react with cysteine molecules in the LTP1 molecule [ 146 ].…”