1997
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0739(199704)11:4<257::aid-aoc575>3.0.co;2-2
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Bioaccumulation of Butyltin Compounds in Marine Mammals: The Specific Tissue Distribution and Composition

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Cited by 46 publications
(24 citation statements)
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“…There are a number of reports on the occurrence of TBT residues in marine organisms. Levels of total butyltin residues [the sum of detected TBT, dibutyltin (DBT), and monobutyltin (MBT)] of 5-230 ppb in muscle of fish; 300 ppb in liver and kidney of marine birds; and 13-395 ppb in muscle of marine mammals have been reported [243,244]. In marine mammals, much higher total butyltin residues were reported for blubber (48-744 ppb), kidney (25-3210 ppb), and liver (40-11340 ppb) [245].…”
Section: Environmental Exposure To Organotin Compoundsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There are a number of reports on the occurrence of TBT residues in marine organisms. Levels of total butyltin residues [the sum of detected TBT, dibutyltin (DBT), and monobutyltin (MBT)] of 5-230 ppb in muscle of fish; 300 ppb in liver and kidney of marine birds; and 13-395 ppb in muscle of marine mammals have been reported [243,244]. In marine mammals, much higher total butyltin residues were reported for blubber (48-744 ppb), kidney (25-3210 ppb), and liver (40-11340 ppb) [245].…”
Section: Environmental Exposure To Organotin Compoundsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Food chain accumulation of tributyltin (TBT) has been shown in meat and fish products (Kannan et al, 1995(Kannan et al, , 1996Iwata et al, 1997;Kannan et al, 1998;Hoch, 2001), human consumption of which is the most likely reason for detection of butyltin compounds in human blood and liver samples (Kannan et al, 1999;Appel, 2004). The first concerns about adverse effects of the tri-substituted organotin compounds arose when they were found to cause reproductive failure in oysters in the 1970s (EFSA, 2004).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Many recent studies have focused on tissue concentrations and distribution of TBT and its metabolites in marine mammals. 17,22,25,26 A relationship between the large-scale mortality of cetaceans and immune dysfunction caused mainly by high levels of organochlorine (OC) and BT compounds was suggested recently by Kannan et al,20 who pointed out the need for more knowledge on BT levels in dolphins affected by mass mortality. 24,25 These studies have shown that TBT accumulates and is biomagnified by marine mammals, irrespective of sex; accumulation is generally greater in early life and the liver appears to be the organ where the highest concentrations are found.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%