Bioaccumulation of perfluorinated carboxylates and sulfonates and polychlorinated biphenyls in laboratory-cultured Hexagenia spp., Lumbriculus variegatus and Pimephales promelas from field-collected sediments

Per-and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) encompass a large, heterogenous group of chemicals of potential concern to human health and the environment. Based on information for a few relatively well understood PFAS such as perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate, there is ample basis to suspect that at least a subset can be considered persistent, bioaccumulative, and/or toxic. However, data suitable for determining risks in either prospective or retrospective assessments are lacking for the majority of PFAS. In August 2019, the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry sponsored a workshop that focused on the state-of-the-science supporting risk assessment of PFAS. This paper summarizes discussions concerning ecotoxicology and ecological risks of PFAS. First, we summarize currently available information relevant to problem formulation/prioritization, exposure, and hazard/effects of PFAS in the context of regulatory and ecological risk assessment activities from around the world. We then describe critical gaps and uncertainties relative to ecological risk assessments for PFAS and propose approaches to address these needs. Recommendations include the development of more comprehensive monitoring programs to support exposure assessment, an emphasis on research to support the formulation of predictive models for bioaccumulation, and the development of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo methods to efficiently assess biological effects for potentially sensitive species/endpoints. Addressing needs associated with assessing the ecological risk of PFAS will require cross-disciplinary approaches that employ both conventional and new methods in an integrated, resource-effective manner.

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“…of the potential binding of PFAS to proteins and biopolymers such as chitin (Higgins et al 2007;Prosser et al 2016).…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Ecological Risks of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Current State‐of‐the Science and a Proposed Path Forward

Ankley

Cureton

Hoke

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

235

150

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“…Similarly, Anisoptera and Zygoptera displayed relatively low concentrations (1.9-26.2 ng g -1 ww) as compared to Hydropsychidae (30-45 ng g -1 ww), gammarids (0.8-212 ng g -1 ww) or planars (99.1 ng g -1 ww). Such differences might be explained by feeding behaviors and physiology, including metabolic capacities (Bertin et al, 2016;Prosser et al, 2016). PFAS concentrations in invertebrates have not often been reported, in particular in riverine systems (Houde et al, 2011;Ahrens and Bundschuh, 2014).…”

Section: Pfas Concentrations and Compliance To Eqsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the spatial variability of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substance trophic magnification in selected riverine ecosystems

Simmonet-Laprade

Budzinski

Babut³

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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The occurrence at different trophic levels of 17 poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), including perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and some of their precursors (e.g., perfluoroalkane sulfonamides, 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTSA)), was investigated in riverine freshwater food webs in Southeastern France. Two fish species (Barbus barbus and Squalius cephalus) and various invertebrate taxa were collected in five rivers to assess the spatial variability of trophic magnification factors (TMFs). Particular attention was devoted to sample and data processing to minimize potential biases associated with the TMF determination. Fish were significantly more contaminated than invertebrates (ΣPFAS = 7-1811 vs. 0.9-213 ng g-1 wet weight (ww)). Those from the Rhône River presented significantly higher levels due to high concentrations of perfluoroundecanoic acid (406 ng g-1 ww) and perfluorotridecanoic acid (566 ng g-1 ww) ascribed to an industrial point source. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was dominant at the other sites (concentration range = 3.6-134 ng g-1 ww). Two linear regression models were compared (i.e., Kendall regression vs. Generalized Linear Mixed-Effect Model, GLMM). Results showed that TMFs calculated using the non-weighted Kendall regression were higher than those obtained using the GLMM approach. GLMM-based TMFs were consistently > 1 for C9-C14 perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs), PFOS and perfluorodecane sulfonate (PFDS), indicating their apparent biomagnification in the investigated food webs. Comparatively, 6:2 FTSA and Nethylperfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (N-EtFOSAA) were less often detected and were not significantly biomagnified, probably because of metabolization. TMF estimates were generally consistent across sites although some PFASs (in particular C9, C10 and C13 PFCAs) displayed higher variability, due to a unique extreme value that may have resulted from the contribution of unattributed precursor biotransformation.

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“…PFOS is extremely stable, thermally, biologically and chemically, and possesses hydro- and lipo-phobic characteristics that let products coated in them repel oil and water and resist staining [ 3 , 4 ]. This combination of extreme resistance to degradation makes PFOS detectable throughout the entire ecosystem, including animals, human, air, water and sediment [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ], even in places as remote as the Arctic [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air samples collected from four field sites in Europe showed PFOS and related polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) levels in the particulate and gas phases up to 818 and 243 pg/m 3 , respectively, that exceeded levels of traditional persistent organic pollutants (POPs) [ 10 ]. Possible sources of PFOS related to human exposure include diet (either from food packaging migration or directly from ingestion), airborne PFAS, drinking water and household dust [ 7 ]. The mean level of daily PFOS exposure ranges from 1.6 to 8.8 ng/kg (body weight) in adults in some Western populations [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone-Mediated Endocrine Function and TH1/TH2 Cytokine Balance after Prenatal Exposure to Perfluorooctane Sulfonate: By Sex Status

Zhong

Chen

Kong

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Abstract:Little information exists about the evaluation of potential developmental immunotoxicity induced by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a synthetic persistent and increasingly ubiquitous environmental contaminant. To assess potential sex-specific impacts of PFOS on immunological health in the offspring, using male and female C57BL/6 mice, pups were evaluated for developmental immunotoxic effects after maternal oral exposure to PFOS (0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 mg PFOS/kg/day) during Gestational Days 1-17. Spontaneous T H 1/T H 2-type cytokines, serum levels of testosterone and estradiol were evaluated in F1 pups at four and eight weeks of age. The study showed that male pups were more sensitive to the effects of PFOS than female pups. At eight weeks of age, an imbalance in T H 1/T H 2-type cytokines with excess T H 2 cytokines (IL-4) was found only in male pups. As for hormone levels, PFOS treatment in utero significantly decreased serum testosterone levels and increased estradiol levels only in male pups, and a significant interaction between sex and PFOS was observed for serum testosterone at both four weeks of age (p interaction = 0.0049) and eight weeks of age (p interaction = 0.0227) and for estradiol alternation at four weeks of age (p interaction = 0.0351).In conclusion, testosterone-mediated endocrine function may be partially involved in the T H 1/T H 2 imbalance induced by PFOS, and these deficits are detectable among both young and adult mice and may affect males more than females.

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Bioaccumulation of perfluorinated carboxylates and sulfonates and polychlorinated biphenyls in laboratory-cultured Hexagenia spp., Lumbriculus variegatus and Pimephales promelas from field-collected sediments

Cited by 33 publications

References 36 publications

Assessing the Ecological Risks of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Current State‐of‐the Science and a Proposed Path Forward

Assessing the Ecological Risks of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Current State‐of‐the Science and a Proposed Path Forward

Investigation of the spatial variability of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substance trophic magnification in selected riverine ecosystems

Testosterone-Mediated Endocrine Function and TH1/TH2 Cytokine Balance after Prenatal Exposure to Perfluorooctane Sulfonate: By Sex Status

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