Bioactive Components in Mare Milk

Qing-hai, Sheng; Fang, Xinping

doi:10.1002/9780813821504.ch7

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…While ruminant milk might be problematic for infants to consume, equine milk has similar biophysical and biochemical characteristics to human milk (Malacarne, Martuzzi, Summer, & Mariani, ; Nikkhah, ; Salimei & Fantuz, ). Mare's milk is a more suitable form of infant nourishment as it is similar to human milk in terms of whole protein and salt supply, richness and pattern of whey protein, as well as its fine and soft precipitate which makes it more easily digestible (Malacarne et al, ; Sheng & Fang, ). Milk consumption may increase the rate of infectious disease as there is a risk of contamination of milk in the transfer from the animal to the child, this risk is associated with the age of the infant, as immune systems are less developed at younger ages (Howcroft et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaning practices among pastoralists: New evidence of infant feeding patterns from Bronze Age Eurasia

Miller

Hanks

Judd

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: This paper investigates infant feeding practices through stable carbon (d 13 C) and nitrogen (d 15 N) isotopic analyses of human bone collagen from Kamennyi Ambar 5, a Middle Bronze Age cemetery located in central Eurasia. The results presented are unique for the time period and region, as few cemeteries have been excavated to reveal a demographic cross-section of the population. Studies of weaning among pastoral societies are infrequent and this research adds to our knowledge of the timing, potential supplementary foods, and cessation of breastfeeding practices.Materials and methods: Samples were collected from 41 subadults (<15 years) and 27 adults (151 years). Isotopic reference sets from adult humans as well as faunal remains were utilized as these form the primary and complementary foods fed to infants.Results: Slight shifts in d 13 C and d 15 N values revealed that weaning was a multi-stage process (breastfeeding, weaning, and complete cessation of nursing) that began at 6 months of age, occurred over several years of early childhood, and was completed by 4 years of age. Discussion:Our results indicate that weaning was a multi-stage process that was unique among late prehistoric pastoralist groups in Eurasia that were dependent on milk products as a supplementary food. Our discussion centers on supporting this hypothesis with modern information on central and east Eurasian herding societies including the age at which complementary foods are introduced, the types of complementary foods, and the timing of the cessation of breastfeeding.Integral to this work is the nature of pastoral economies and their dependence on animal products, the impact of complementary foods on nutrition and health, and how milk processing may have affected nutrition content and digestibility of foods. This research on Eurasian pastoralists provides insights into the complexities of weaning among prehistoric pastoral societies as well as the potential for different complementary foods to be incorporated into infant diets in the past. K E Y W O R D S dairy products, life histories, paleodiet, Sintashta, stable isotope analysis 1 | I N T R O D U C T I O N Research on ancient weaning has often focused on agricultural societies with access to domesticated grains, rather than pastoral groups that often lacked cultivars. Our study investigates weaning practices among pastoralists in the Eurasian steppe to determine if unique patterns of weaning are evident when complementary foods focus on ani-mal products rather than domesticated grains. Recent stable isotopic and paleobotanical studies indicate that the pastoral societies under study had a diet based primarily on livestock complemented by wild plants and fauna, but lacking cultivars (Hanks et al., forthcoming; R€ uhl, Herbig, & Stobbe, 2015;Ventresca Miller et al., 2014). We hypothesize that pastoral societies using animal products as the primary complementary food in weaning, rather than domesticated grains, may be Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 2017; 162: 409-422 wileyonlinelibrary...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaning practices among pastoralists: New evidence of infant feeding patterns from Bronze Age Eurasia

Miller

Hanks

Judd

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Molecular weight and isoelectric point was calculated using the ExPASy Compute Mw/pI Tool[4][5][6]. Percentage of total casein in human milk based on data from[7] d . Number of phosphorylated residues and the percentage of acidic residues are listed for α-S 1 -casein, β-casein, κ-casein, HCM (weighted average of α-S 1 -casein, β-casein and κ-casein), OPN, rOPN, rOPN-N and rOPN-C based on data from[1] e .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple low-affinity interactions support binding of human osteopontin to integrin α X β 2

Kläning

Christensen

Bajic

et al. 2015

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics

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“…Lactoferrin has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities (Dankow et al, 2012). The calcium and phosphorus ratio of mare's milk (1.6-1.8: 1) is higher than cow's milk (1.4: 1), and is almost similar to that in human milk (1.9: 1) (Sheng and Fang, 2009). Mare's milk also contains vitamins A, D3, and E which are similar to human milk, and has a high vitamin C content (Csapo et al, 1995;Jastrzębska et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Selection of potential lactic acid bacteria from fermented Sumbawa mare’s milk as starter cultures

Devi¹,

Jatmiko²

2021

MJM

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The aim of this study was to screen lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates from fermented Sumbawa mare's milk that meet the requirements as starter cultures, and to evaluate the effect of the selected starter culture in improving the organoleptic quality of mare's milk fermentation. Methodology and results: The LAB isolates (13 isolates) derived from naturally fermented Sumbawa mare's milk were firstly screened for acidification activity. Afterwards, the selected isolates were evaluated for the starter culture criteria such as technological properties (proteolytic test, lipolytic test, and exopolysaccharide production), food safety test (hemolytic test and antibiotic sensitivity test), antimicrobial activity test. The selected culture (SC) together with yogurt starter cultures (YC) and combination between the selected isolate and a mixture of both (MC) were used to ferment fresh mare's milk. Six LAB isolates (DB7, BC10, DC4, BC9, DC10, and BC7) were obtained from the acidification screening. Isolate BC10 was the most potential isolate as starter culture due to its ability in terms of acidification and proteolytic activity, lack of lipolytic activity, no indication of pathogenic potency, as well as able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. However, this isolate was resistant to antibiotics kanamycin, trimethoprim, and cinoxacin. The isolate BC10 presented 99.99% sequence similarity with respect to Lactobacillus plantarum. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The selected starter culture (isolate BC10) was able to improve the organoleptic quality of fermented mare's milk especially aroma compared to the other starter cultures. Therefore, Lactobacillus plantarum BC10 is a potential isolate to be used as starter culture for mare's milk fermentation.

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Bioactive Components in Mare Milk

Cited by 17 publications

References 82 publications

Weaning practices among pastoralists: New evidence of infant feeding patterns from Bronze Age Eurasia

Weaning practices among pastoralists: New evidence of infant feeding patterns from Bronze Age Eurasia

Multiple low-affinity interactions support binding of human osteopontin to integrin α X β 2

Selection of potential lactic acid bacteria from fermented Sumbawa mare’s milk as starter cultures

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