Bioactive Compounds from Lemon (Citrus limon) Extract Overcome TNF-α-Induced Insulin Resistance in Cultured Adipocytes

Sorrenti, Valeria; Consoli, Valeria; Grosso, Salvo; Raffaele, Marco; Amenta, Margherita; Ballistreri, Gabriele; Fabroni, Simona; Rapisarda, Paolo; Vanella, Luca

doi:10.3390/molecules26154411

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Polyphenols have antioxidant and anti-infammatory properties, and favonoids in particular have been shown to have the ability to improve insulin sensitivity and regulate lipid metabolism [46]. Studies have shown that increasing fruit intake can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality, hypertension, and stroke [44], and fermented apple juice can efectively inhibit weight gain and regulate blood lipid levels [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Lemon Peel Juice Fermentation Methods and Its Impact on Hyperlipidemia and Health Management

Hsu,

Tsai,

Chen

et al. 2024

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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Excessive body fat is a major contributor to obesity, which is related to high blood, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Lemons (Citrus limon) are renowned for their antioxidant and lipid-lowering properties. First, sugar-free fermentation demonstrated better results in lowering sugar content and was identified as the preferred fermentation method. Next, the effect of two doses of sugar-free fermented lemon peel juice (SF-FLPJ) on obesity was investigated. Sprague Dawley (male rats) were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed a standard feed or high-fat diet (HFD) to induce fatness for eight weeks. The two groups of rats fed an HFD were administered SF-FLPJ at 0.45 or 0.9 g/kg body weight daily for eight weeks. The obese rats administered 0.9 g/kg (body weight/day) of SF-FLPJ exhibited significant reductions in body fat mass and percentage; they also had lower blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels than the other groups. Additionally, the rats displayed diminished liver fat accumulation. The results suggest that SF-FLPJ can be a supplement in managing body fat, contributing positively to addressing obesity within the context of health management, and reducing obesity-associated issues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Lemon Peel Juice Fermentation Methods and Its Impact on Hyperlipidemia and Health Management

Hsu,

Tsai,

Chen

et al. 2024

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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“…Recent studies have explored the development of insulin resistance using adipocyte culture cell lines, such as 3T3-L1 adipocytes. It has been reported that insulin resistance inducers, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, reduced the activities and/or expressions of lipoprotein lipase ( Lpl ), an enzyme associated with triglyceride uptake in adipocytes [ 1 , 2 ]; glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 ( Gpd1 ) and diacylglycerol transferase 1 ( Dgat1 ), enzymes involved in triglyceride synthesis [ 3 , 4 ]; Cidec , an enzyme involved in lipid droplet production [ 5 ]; and adiponectin ( Adipoq ), an insulin sensitivity hormone [ 6 ]. A recent study demonstrated that insulin resistance induced by TNF-α in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was restored by rosiglitazone, an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ2 (PPARG2), an important nuclear receptor for adipocyte differentiation [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medium-chain fatty acids enhance expression and histone acetylation of genes related to lipid metabolism in insulin-resistant adipocytes

Kawamura

Goda

Hariya

et al. 2022

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports

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Background The expressions of genes related to lipid metabolism are decreased in adipocytes with insulin resistance. In this study, we examined the effects of fatty acids on the reduced expressions and histone acetylation of lipid metabolism-related genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with insulin resistance induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Methods Short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acid were co-administered with TNF-α in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Then, mRNA expressions and histone acetylation of genes involved in lipid metabolism were determined using mRNA microarrays, qRT-PCR, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Results We found in microarray and subsequent qRT-PCR analyses that the expression levels of several lipid metabolism-related genes, including Gpd1 , Cidec , and Cyp4b1 , were reduced by TNF-α treatment and restored by co-treatment with a short-chain fatty acid (C4: butyric acid) and medium-chain fatty acids (C8: caprylic acid and C10: capric acid). The pathway analysis of the microarray showed that capric acid enhanced mRNA levels of genes in the PPAR signaling pathway and adipogenesis genes in the TNF-α-treated adipocytes. Histone acetylation around Cidec and Gpd1 genes were also reduced by TNF-α treatment and recovered by co-administration with short- and medium-chain fatty acids. General significance Medium- and short-chain fatty acids induce the expressions of Cidec and Gpd1 , which are lipid metabolism-related genes in insulin-resistant adipocytes, by promoting histone acetylation around these genes.

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“…Signaling pathways, bioactive compounds, and miRNAs are all recognized to have a role in the creation and progression of illness. [26][27][28] Extracellular vesicles are important intercellular communication factors that carry a variety of bioactive substances (e.g., inflammatory factors, adipokines, and some kinases), [29][30][31] as well as being involved in the transmission of disease-related signaling pathways (PI3K/Akt pathway, an important insulin signaling pathway). [32][33][34] In addition, IR has been linked to dynamic changes in exosome composition as well as aberrant miRNA expression in extracellular vesicles (early exercise intervention).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of extracellular vesicles in insulin resistance: Signaling pathways, bioactive substances, miRNAs, and therapeutic potential

Zhang,

Song,

Fang

et al. 2024

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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Extracellular vesicles are small lipid bilayer particles that resemble the structure of cells and range in size from 30 to 1000 nm. They transport a variety of physiologically active molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and miRNAs. Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathological disease in which insulin‐responsive organs or components become less sensitive to insulin's physiological effects, resulting in decreased glucose metabolism in target organs such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. Extracellular vesicles have received a lot of attention as essential intercellular communication mediators in the setting of IR. This review looks at extracellular vesicles' role in IR from three angles: signaling pathways, bioactive compounds, and miRNAs. Relevant publications are gathered to investigate the induction, inhibition, and bidirectional regulation of extracellular vesicles in IR, as well as their role in insulin‐related illnesses. Furthermore, considering the critical function of extracellular vesicles in regulating IR, the study analyzes the practicality of employing extracellular vesicles for medication delivery and the promise of combination therapy for IR.

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Bioactive Compounds from Lemon (Citrus limon) Extract Overcome TNF-α-Induced Insulin Resistance in Cultured Adipocytes

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Evaluation of Lemon Peel Juice Fermentation Methods and Its Impact on Hyperlipidemia and Health Management

Evaluation of Lemon Peel Juice Fermentation Methods and Its Impact on Hyperlipidemia and Health Management

Medium-chain fatty acids enhance expression and histone acetylation of genes related to lipid metabolism in insulin-resistant adipocytes

Role of extracellular vesicles in insulin resistance: Signaling pathways, bioactive substances, miRNAs, and therapeutic potential

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