Two new polyketides named rufoolivacin E and viocristin B, a new natural product named
1-hydroxy-3,6,8-trimethoxyanthraquinone,
and 13 known compounds were isolated from edible mushroom Cortinarius purpurascens in this work. Their structures
were assigned on the basis of high-resolution electrospray ionization
mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance, and electronic
circular dichroism data. Notably, the enzyme activity test on glutamate
dehydrogenase indicated that 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, and 15 displayed an excellent inhibition
effect. Further kinetic studies showed that the most potent compounds, 4 and 10, possess great potential as competitive
inhibitors of glutamate dehydrogenase. Molecular docking and computational
chemistry were applied to illustrate the binding mechanism in detail.
2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and reactive oxygen species assay results
showed that compounds 1, 2, 3, and 8 exhibited significant antioxidant activities
with IC50 values of 7.0 ± 0.3, 8.6 ± 0.1, 7.5
± 0.1, and 2.8 ± 0.2 μg mL–1, respectively.
Thus, Cortinarius caerulescens represents
a novel resource of these polyketides to be utilized in food selection
and drug discovery.