Bioactive Terpenoids from Salvia plebeia: Structures, NO Inhibitory Activities, and Interactions with iNOS

Abstract

A phytochemical investigation to obtain new NO inhibitors resulted in the identification of six new (1-6) and four known (7-10) terpenoids from Salvia plebeia. Compounds 1 and 2 are new diterpenoids, 3-5 are new meroditerpenoids, 6-9 are sesquiterpenoids, and 10 is a known meroditerpenoid. The structures of these isolates were determined by routine NMR experiments and X-ray diffraction, as well as the electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compounds 1-4 are diterpenoids carrying an oxygen bridge, and 6 is a rare copane-type sesquiterpenoid with a bridged tricyclic framework. The isolates inhibited NO generation induced by lipopolysaccharide in BV-2 cells. The possible mechanism of NO inhibition of some bioactive compounds was also investigated using molecular docking, which revealed interactions of bioactive compounds with the iNOS protein.

Natural Products Research in China From 2015 to 2016

“…Artaboterpenoid A ( 677 ) and (±)-artaboterpenoid B ((±)- 678 ), two new bisabolene-derived sesquiterpenoids, were obtained from the roots of Artabotrys hexapetalus (Xi et al, 2016 ). Six new compounds were identified from Salvia plebeian , among which compounds 679 – 682 were diterpenoids bearing an oxygen bridge while compound 683 was a copane-type sesquiterpenoid with a bridged tricyclic framework (Xu et al, 2016b ). Oliganthic acids A–D ( 684 - 687 ), four prenylated isopropyl xanthone derivatives, were isolated from the leaves of Garcinia oligantha (Tang et al, 2016c ).…”

New Eudesmane Sesquiterpenoids from Salvia plebeia R. Br.

“…The name of Salvia is derived from the Latin ʻsalvareʼ meaning ʻto heal or to be safe and unharmedʼ, and many Salvia species have been used as herbal medicines all around the world since ancient times . In China, there are about 100 Salvia species, most of which are distributed in the southwestern region . The major constituents from the genus have been reported to be terpenoids, phenolic acids, steroids, and flavonoids, with a variety of bioactivities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic and anti‐virus activities .…”

“…Phytochemical studies of S . plebeia revealed the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids and lignans in the plant. Here we describe the isolation and structure elucidation of three new endesmane sesquiterpenoids, named salplebeones A – C ( 1 – 3 ).…”

“…[1] In China, there are about 100 Salvia species, most of which are distributed in the southwestern region. [2] The major constituents from the genus have been reported to be terpenoids, phenolic acids, steroids, and flavonoids, with a variety of bioactivities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic and anti-virus activities. [3 -6] Salvia plebeia R. BR has traditionally been used as folk medicine for its hemogenetic, hemostatic, antioncotic, and anti-inflammatory effects.…”

“…[3 -6] Salvia plebeia R. BR has traditionally been used as folk medicine for its hemogenetic, hemostatic, antioncotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. [7] Phytochemical studies of S. plebeia revealed the presence of terpenoids, [2][8] [9] flavonoids [10] and lignans [11] in the plant. Here we describe the isolation and structure elucidation of three new endesmane sesquiterpenoids, named salplebeones A -C (1 -3).…”