Bioactivity of Nonedible Parts ofPunica granatumL.: A Potential Source of Functional Ingredients

Abstract

Punica granatum L. has a long standing culinary and medicinal traditional use in Mauritius. This prompted a comparative study to determine the bioefficacy of the flower, peel, leaf, stem, and seed extracts of the Mauritian P. granatum. The flower and peel extracts resulting from organic solvent extraction exhibited strong antioxidant activities which correlated with the high levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins. The peel extract had the most potent scavenging capacity reflected by high Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity value (5206.01 ± 578.48 μmol/g air dry weight), very low IC50 values for hypochlorous acid (0.004 ± 0.001 mg air dry weight/mL), and hydroxyl radicals scavenging (0.111 ± 0.001 mg air dry weight/mL). Peel extracts also significantly inhibited S. mutans (P < 0.001), S. mitis (P < 0.001), and L. acidophilus (P < 0.05) growth compared to ciprofloxacin. The flower extract exhibited high ferric reducing, nitric oxide scavenging, and iron (II) ions chelation and significantly inhibited microsomal lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, it showed a dose-dependent inhibition of xanthine oxidase with an IC50 value of 0.058 ± 0.011 mg air dry weight/mL. This study showed that nonedible parts of cultivated pomegranates, that are generally discarded, are bioactive in multiassay systems thereby suggesting their potential use as natural prophylactics and in food applications.

Determination of Antioxidant Capacity and Gallic Acid Content in Ethanolic Extract of Punica Granatum L. Leaf

“…However, Rummun et al proposed IC 50 value of methanolic extract of P. granatum leaves as 0.072±0.001 mg/ml which is more than we value [31]. The EPGL at a concentration of 5 µg/ml showed 17.7%, whereas in 100 µg/ml concentration, the percentage of inhibition was recorded as 86.7% (Fig.…”

Atividade antibacteriana do extrato hidroalcoólico de Punica granatum Linn. sobre Staphylococcus spp. isolados de leite bovino

“…e relacionaram a atividade antioxidante encontrada ao teor de fenóis totais que correspondeu a 135,89 GAE.mg-1. Rummun et al (2013) encontraram no extrato metanólico da casca do fruto de romã, valores de fenóis totais de 190,27 GAE.g-1 (ácido gá-lico equivalente) e de flavonoides de 180,10 QE.g-1 (quercetina equivalente). Esses resultados foram obtidos a partir das mesmas concentrações avaliadas pelo presente estudo, porém a metodologia utilizada para a extração dos princí-pios ativos foi diferenciada.…”

“…apresenta composição química extremamente complexa, com atividade terapêu-tica específica para cada composto. Talvez outras substân-cias alcaloides presente no extrato estudado, possam ter sido as responsáveis pela atividade antioxidante verificada (Moorthy et al 2013, Rummun et al 2013. Machado et al (2003) e Moorthy et al (2013) referiram a punicalagina, um tanino elágico derivado do fruto, como um dos principais constituintes antimicrobianos da fruta.…”

“…Punica granatum Linn., conhecida como romanzeira, espécie da família Punicaceae, é cultivada mundialmente (Rummun et al 2013). Foram demonstradas propriedades antimicrobianas do extrato de Punica granatum Lin.…”

Apoptotic effects of non-edible parts of Punica granatum on human multiple myeloma cells

“…The leaves, stems, flowers and fruit materials of P. granatum were extracted thrice with 70 % methanol (1:3, w/v) and allowed to macerate each time at 4°C for 24 h as described in Rummun et al [24]. The filtrates were pooled together and concentrated in vacuo at 37°C.…”