Bioavailability and poultry fecal excretion of phosphorus from soybean-based diets supplemented with phytase

Abstract

-Five hundred and four 1-day-old Cobb broiler chickens were randomly allotted to 18 treatments and fed a semi-purified basal diet (4 g/kg total phosphorus) supplemented with 2 levels of supplemental P (0.5 or 1 g/kg) during 21 days to evaluate performance and bone mineralization; to assess the relative bioavailability of P (RBP) in wheat meal (WM) and roasted (RS) or extruded soybean meal (ES), with or without phytase (0 or 750 ftu/kg diet), using dicalcium phosphate (DC) as standard; and to estimate phosphorus excretion. Weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feed to gain ratio (FG), and tibia ash weigh (AW) were assessed. For each source, the RBP was calculated by the slope ratio method, when tibia ash weight was regressed on P ingested. Ingested and fecal P was determined to calculate P intake, and P excretion and excretion rate. Phytase addition increased overall FI, WG, and FG ratio by 3.3, 2.6 and 0.8%, respectively, but differences were not significant. Overall AW was increased by 10.8% after the enzyme inclusion in the diets. The relative bioavailability of phosphorus values of tested WM, RS, and ES were increased by 6.32, 64.32, 76.99%, respectively, in response to supplementation of phytase in diets containing WM, RS, and ES, respectively. Phytase reduced P excretion by 12.7% and the excretion rate by 15.0%, regardless of the phosphorus source or level.

Alternatives to antibiotics for organic poultry production: types, modes of action and impacts on bird's health and production

“…To achieve success in poultry production, there must be a reduction of cost and waste output while increasing animal performance. Phosphorus excretion plays a vital role in poultry production because environmental pollution and waste of nutrients raise production costs ( Martins et al, 2013 ). Still, it also reduces feed cost because P is one of the most important expensive nutrients in poultry diets.…”

Bioprocess for efficient production of recombinant Pichia anomala phytase and its applicability in dephytinizing chick feed and whole wheat flat Indian breads

“…As the addition of rPPHY liberated phytic acidbound phosphorous from various broiler feeds, this can be used as a promising feed additive. The addition of phytase to the feeds of monogastric animals not only reduces the production cost of poultry but also helps in environmental protection by reducing the release of phytic acid into water bodies [15,17,36].…”

Characterization of the Catalytic Structure of Plant Phytase, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-Like Phytase, and Histidine Acid Phytases and Their Biotechnological Applications

“…In these animals, food is not completely digested, and cellular bioavailability is low. Most of the phytate present in the feed is excreted, increasing the environmental phosphate concentration in areas where livestock grazing is intense [ 6 , 7 ]. Low-phosphate bioavailability and phosphorus deficiency in animal feed based on dry grain can be supplemented by adding inorganic phosphate.…”

“…Due to the high market demand for meat, this strategy of phosphorus supplementation is used increasingly in animal feed. However, the practice of adding inorganic phosphorus is unsustainable, because phosphorus is not a renewable resource in nature, and its continued harvesting would result in depletion of this environmental resource in a few decades [ 6 , 9 , 67 , 76 , 77 ]. Thus, the addition of phytase to animal feed is an interesting and sustainable alternative, due to its ability to increase phosphate bioavailability in diets based on dry grain and to decrease the environmental impacts caused by phosphorus accumulation in the environment [ 4 , 31 , 78 ].…”

“…However, these animals are fed with seeds and grains rich in phytate, which is not completely absorbed. Thus, phytate is excreted in the feces, increasing the environmental pollution by phosphorus [ 6 , 7 ].…”