Bioavailability of isoflavones from soy products in equol producers and non-producers in Japanese women

Miura, Ayako; Sugiyama, Chitose; Sakakibara, Hiroyuki; Simoi, Kayoko; Goda, Toshinao

doi:10.1016/j.jnim.2016.08.001

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In the present experiment, we did not find phytoestrogen concentrations above LOQ in dietary exposed zebrafish or salmon, not even in the respective SPC30 groups. Information on the uptake of isoflavones in fish is not available, but considerable differences in bioavailabilities and biotransformation are reported for warm-blooded vertebrate species [55]. We have recently studied the metabolism of isoflavones in salmon liver microsomes (article in progress) and characterised the major metabolites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Mycotoxins and Phytoestrogens in Plant-Based Fish Feed and Exposed Fish

Johny

Fæste

Bogevik

et al. 2019

Toxins

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New protein sources in fish feed require the assessment of the carry-over potential of contaminants and anti-nutrients from feed ingredients into the fish, and the assessment of possible health risks for consumers. Presently, plant materials including wheat and legumes make up the largest part of aquafeeds, so evaluation of the transfer capabilities of typical toxic metabolites from plant-infesting fungi and of vegetable phytoestrogens into fish products is of great importance. With the aim of facilitating surveillance of relevant mycotoxins and isoflavones, we have developed and validated a multi-analyte LC-HRMS/MS method that can be used to ensure compliance to set maximum levels in feed and fish. The method performance characteristics were determined, showing high specificity for all 25 targeted analytes, which included 19 mycotoxins and three isoflavones and their corresponding aglycons with sufficient to excellent sensitivities and uniform analytical linearity in different matrices. Depending on the availability of matching stable isotope-labelled derivates or similar-structure homologues, calibration curves were generated either by using internal standards or by matrix-matched external standards. Precision and recovery data were in the accepted range, although they varied between the different analytes. This new method was considered as fit-for-purpose and applied for the analysis of customised fish feed containing wheat gluten, soy, or pea protein concentrate as well as salmon and zebrafish fed on diets with these ingredients for a period of up to eight weeks. Only mycotoxin enniatin B, at a level near the limit of detection, and low levels of isoflavones were detected in the feed, demonstrating the effectiveness of maximum level recommendations and modern feed processing technologies in the Norwegian aquaculture industry. Consequently, carry-over into fish muscle was not observed, confirming that fillets from plant-fed salmon were safe for human consumption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Mycotoxins and Phytoestrogens in Plant-Based Fish Feed and Exposed Fish

Johny

Fæste

Bogevik

et al. 2019

Toxins

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“…For instance, host genetic variants might also be responsible for variations in equol metabolism and bioavailability. 7 , 9 Also, it takes time to convert an equol nonproducer to a producer. Even for the producers to consistently maintain the efficacy of equol, that is, to maintain the blood level of biologically available equol, they need to consume at least 50 mg of soy isoflavones daily, which is very difficult to achieve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bioavailabilities and biological activities of isoflavones are influenced by the type of diet and the ability of host colonic bacteria to metabolize them into final active metabolites. 7 As for the metabolism of equol, certain bacteria species are required for the production of equol from daidzein, 8 and a host genetic variant might be one of the determinants for variations in equol metabolism. 9 Therefore, there is a great variation in the individual ability to produce equol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Equol Supplement on Bone and Cardiovascular Parameters in Middle-Aged Japanese Women: A Prospective Observational Study

Yoshikata¹,

Myint²,

Ohta

2018

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

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Objective: To examine changes in the bone and cardiovascular parameters and tolerability in middle-aged Japanese women taking equol supplement for a year.Design: This was a prospective observational study.Subjects and Setting: Participants were 74 women receiving outpatient care at Hamasite Medical Clinic, Minato-ku, Tokyo, from 2013 to 2015.Interventions: Participants received per oral equol-containing supplement, 10 mg/day.Outcome measures: The primary outcome measures were percent changes in bone and cardiovascular parameters after 1 year supplementation with equol. The secondary measures included factors affecting the parameter changes and adverse effects associated with equol use for a year.Results: Reduction in arterial stiffness was observed after 12 months of equol supplement (1402.3 cm/s vs.1367.3 cm/s, p < 0.001). Significant reductions in respective parameters were observed in women with moderate and high risk for arteriosclerosis (median [95% confidence interval]: −3.2% [−5.79 to −0.74]; −12.65% [−18.52 to −4.28]; respectively); hypertriglyceridemia −45.53% [−70.24 to −5.58]; bone resorption risk (−15.15% [−23.71 to 1.56]; and bone fracture risk −26.68% [−76.43 to −5.99]. All 15 women with high baseline parathyroid hormone levels had achieved a median of 50% [−54.11 to −31.69] reduction from their baseline values. These associations were further confirmed in the results of multiple linear regression analysis. There were no reported adverse events or abnormal findings in the blood chemistry, Pap smear, mammography, and transvaginal ultrasound during periodic follow-ups.Conclusion: One year equol supplement was tolerable and induced improvement of certain bone and cardiovascular parameters, especially in higher risk groups. Further controlled studies are needed to explore long-term equol use for wellbeing of middle-aged women.

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“…Isoflavone distribution in plants is mainly restricted to the Leguminosae family, subfamily Papilionoideae, comprising soybeans, pulses, chickpea, beans and others (Villares et al, 2011). The presence of isoflavones is extensively associated to soybeans and its derivatives, such as tofu, tempeh, natto, soymilk and shoyu (Ikeda et al, 2006;Miura et al, 2016). These aromatic metabolites are a subcategory of the major group of flavonoids for their characteristic 3-ringed backbone structure.…”

Section: Isoflavonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antioxidant activity of isoflavones in biological systems has been extensively studied, considered of utmost importance for the medical and nutritional science fields due to the association with prevention of degenerative diseases (Jenkins et al, 2002;Kulling et al, 2001). Researchers believe that the absorption of aglycones by humans is faster and occurs in higher amounts than that of the glycosylated counterparts (Izumi et al, 2000;Miura et al, 2016).…”

Section: Isoflavonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospection and identification of bioactive compounds in the products of the soybean oil ethanolic extraction

Borges¹

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Soybean oil is industrially obtained upon hexane extraction. In biodiesel production, soybean oil is submitted to phospholipid removal in order to improve its quality before transesterification. An extraction process was employed to produce ethanolic oil-rich miscella, which can be directly transesterified to produce biodiesel without prior refining. We assessed the oxidative stability of the miscella and three other soybean oils, namely degummed, alkali-refined and refined-bleacheddeodorized (RBD) oil. In vitro antioxidant assays as well as the identification and quantification of tocopherols and isoflavones were also performed. Although hexane-extracted oils showed higher tocopherol contents than miscella, this latter sample and its direct biodiesel demonstrated superior stability in accelerated tests. Miscella also outperformed hexane-extracted oils in all in vitro assays. This behavior can be explained by the presence of phenolic compounds with higher affinity to ethanol than hexane, which was confirmed by the identification of isoflavones glycitein, genistin, and acetyldaidzin, found only in miscella. This study showed that the ethanolic extraction of soybean oil generated a highly stable lipid feedstock for biodiesel manufacture.

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Bioavailability of isoflavones from soy products in equol producers and non-producers in Japanese women

Cited by 24 publications

References 29 publications

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Mycotoxins and Phytoestrogens in Plant-Based Fish Feed and Exposed Fish

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Mycotoxins and Phytoestrogens in Plant-Based Fish Feed and Exposed Fish

Effects of Equol Supplement on Bone and Cardiovascular Parameters in Middle-Aged Japanese Women: A Prospective Observational Study

Prospection and identification of bioactive compounds in the products of the soybean oil ethanolic extraction

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