Biobased Fats (Lipids) and Oils from Biomass as a Source of Bioenergy

Acutodesmus obliquus as a benchmark strain for evaluating methane production from microalgae: Influence of different storage and pretreatment methods on biogas yield

“…Final TSS densities of A. obliquus in sleevebag PBRs reached 0.48 g TSS L −1 after 21 days, with a mean productivity of 21.4 mg TSS L −1 day −1 (SD ± 1.8), and a doubling time of 2.4 days (SD ± 0.4). Productivities were comparable to open pond systems (41-54 mg L −1 day −1 ) [52] but with the advantage of a much lower contamination risk, i.e., no ciliates or other microalgae species were observed during cultivation. TSS strongly correlated with OD 750 (see Fig.…”

Electrochemical Routes for the Valorization of Biomass-Derived Feedstocks: From Chemistry to Application

“…A variety of lipidsmainly composed of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and glyceridescan also be extracted from biomass and are most often converted into biodiesel (generally methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids, via esterification or trans­esterification), with glycerol being a major byproduct. − For many years, almost all bio-lipids for fuel production (>90%) were produced from edible plant oils (rapeseed, palm, and soybean). However, competition with food production has stimulated the use of other biomass sources, such as oil-rich energy crops ( Jatropha , Pongamia , jojoba, linseed, and cottonseed), inedible animal fat wastes (tallow, lard, oils from fish viscera), and waste from edible oils from cooking or frying foods.…”

“…However, competition with food production has stimulated the use of other biomass sources, such as oil-rich energy crops ( Jatropha , Pongamia , jojoba, linseed, and cottonseed), inedible animal fat wastes (tallow, lard, oils from fish viscera), and waste from edible oils from cooking or frying foods. Other promising sources of lipids (as well as sugars) are algae and oleaginous microorganisms (third-generation biofuels), and their genetically modified or engineered analogs (fourth generation), − which may be composed of 30–70 wt% lipids (dry basis), with a potential generation of 6275–14 635 gallons of lipids per acre (10–24 times higher than palm, the most efficient oil crop) …”

“…Notably, hydrolysis conditions often can promote further dehydration and isomerization reactions. The end products are inherently aqueous, although sometimes organic co-solvents are used (usually for extraction of glycerides and fatty acids) . Polyols (sugars), furans (HMF and furfural), and some carboxylic acids (e.g., formic, acetic, and levulinic acids) can be easily obtained from hemicellulose and cellulose hydrolysis (generally using 0.2–40 wt% NaOH or H 2 SO 4 ), while lignin is more resistant to this method of deconstruction. ,,, Xylose is primarily used to produce furfural, furfuryl alcohol, and light carboxylic acids (e.g., formic and acetic acids) and alcohols through hydrolysis (often by continued reaction during the primary treatment) and/or by fermentation .…”

Current Trends and Future Prospects of Nanotechnology in Biofuel Production

“…Biodiesel on the other hand is an important type of biofuel, having the capability to either substitute or replace fossil-based diesel. The production of biodiesel is carried out through a trans-esterification process using renewable bio lipids [5]. Some of the potential feedstocks used to produce biodiesel are oil extracts of seeds or kernels of non-edible crops.…”